OpenAI: Difference between revisions

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 {{see also|Organizations}}
+==Introduction==
 [[OpenAI]] is an [[Artificial Intelligence]] ([[AI]]) research [[company]] founded in 2015. Originally a [[non-profit]], intended to be free from the need to generate financial return, it has since also founded OpenAI LP, a for-profit corporation <ref name="”1”">OpenAI. About. OpenAI. https://openai.com/about/</ref> <ref name="”2”">Floridi, L and Chiriatti, M (2020). GPT-3: Its Nature, Scope, Limits, and Consequences. Minds and Machines 30:681-694.</ref> <ref name="”3”">Olanoff, D (2015). Artificial Intelligence Nonprofit OpenAI launches With Backing of Elon Musk and Sal Altman. TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2015/12/11/non-profit-openai-launches-with-backing-from-elon-musk-and-sam-altman/</ref>. The stated mission is to promote and develop friendly AI beneficial to all humanity <ref name="”1”" /> <ref name="”2”" />. It received financial support by it's founders members Sam Altman, Greg Brockman and Elon Musk, and also from Jessica Livingston, Peter Thiel, Amazon Web Services, Infosys and YC Research with a $1 billion investment in total <ref name="”3”" />. In 2020, [[Microsoft]], another investor in OpenAI, announce an exclusive license agreement for [[GPT-3]] <ref name="”2”" />.
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 OpenAI has granted users with "full usage rights to commercialize the images they create with DALL-E, including the right to reprint, sell, and merchandise <ref name="”13”">Rizo, J (2022). Who Will Own the Art of the Future? Wired. https://www.wired.com/story/openai-dalle-copyright-intellectual-property-art/</ref>."
+===GPT-1 and GPT-2===
+[[GPT]] or [[Generative Pre-trained Transformer]] was introduced in the [[paper]] [[Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training]] in June 2018. [[GPT-1]] combined the [[transformers]] [[architecture]] with [[unsupervised learning]] to create a [[model]] with 117 million [[parameters]] and trained on 7000 books. [[GPT-2]], released in February 2019 with the paper [[Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners]], had 1.5 billion parameters and was trained 40GB of web text from 8 million documents.
 ===GPT-3===
 [[GPT-3]] (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3) is the third generation of a computational system that generates text, code or other data, starting from a source input, the prompt. This system uses deep learning to produce human-like text <ref name="”2”" /> <ref name="”14”">Wilhelm, A (2021). Ok, the GPT-3 Hype Seems Pretty Reasonable. TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2021/03/17/okay-the-gpt-3-hype-seems-pretty-reasonable/</ref>(2, 14). According to Zhang & Li (2021), GPT-3 is the "language model with the most parameters, the largest scale, and the strongest capabilities. Using a large amount of Internet text data and thousands of books for model training, GPT-3 can imitate the natural language patterns of humans nearly perfectly. This language model is extremely realistic and is considered the most impressive model as of today <ref name="”15”">Zhang, M and Li, J (2021). A Commentary of GPT-3 in MIT Technology Review 2021. Fundamental Research 1(6):831-833.</ref>."
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 ===ChatGPT===
-[[ChatGPT]]
+[[ChatGPT]] is a [[large language model]] (LLM) trained to [[text generator|generate human-like text]] based on user [[input]]. The technology behind ChatGPT is based on an upgraded version of [[GPT-3]] called GPT-3.5. In addition to text, ChatGPT was trained on programming code, which gives it better reasoning and allows it to have logic in its responses. Additionally, it received [[supervised learning]] by [[fine-tune]]ing the model on labeled content like labeled dialogue and human-ranked answers in QnA to give it conversational abilities. ChatGPT was introduced in November 2022 and quickly became extremely popular. Millions of people signing up to try it out. ChatGPT has several distinctive features, including the ability to [[text generation|generate text]] in response to a [[prompt]], interact in a conversational way, provide information on a wide range of topics, and be embedded in various [[applications]]. The potential applications of ChatGPT are vast and could revolutionize many different commercial and non-commercial fields, such as content creation and programming.<ref name="”24”">OpenAI (2022). ChatGPT: Optimizing Language Models for Dialogue. OpenAI. https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt/</ref>
+===AI Text Classifier===
+[[OpenAI AI Text Classifier|AI Text Classifier]] is a [[AI content detector]] trained to distinguish between text written by a human and text written by [[artificial intelligence]] from various sources. The classifier correctly identifies 26% of AI-written texts as “likely AI-written” while incorrectly labeling 9% of the human-written texts as such. OpenAI made this available for feedback on whether imperfect tools like this one are useful or not. Limitations of the classifier include short input length (below 1000 characters), incorrect labeling of confident predictions, only works in English language, predictable patterns cannot be reliably identified, and editing can evade detection. The training data includes pairs of human and AI-generated responses to prompts submitted to [[InstructGPT]], along with pretraining data sets collected from multiple sources.<ref name="”23”">Hendrik, J (2023). New AI classifier for indicating AI-written text. OpenAI. https://openai.com/blog/new-ai-classifier-for-indicating-ai-written-text/</ref>
 ==References==
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