# Acronyms

> Source: https://aiwiki.ai/wiki/acronyms
> Updated: 2026-06-09
> Categories: Artificial Intelligence
> From AI Wiki (https://aiwiki.ai), a free encyclopedia of artificial intelligence. Quote with attribution.

*See also: [Guides](/wiki/guides), [Terms](/wiki/terms) and [Abbreviations](/wiki/abbreviations)*
| **[A*](/wiki/a)** |  | A* Search Algorithm |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **A/B Testing** |  | A statistical method for comparing two or more treatments or algorithms |
| **A3C** |  | Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic |
| **ABAC** |  | Attribute-Based Access Control |
| **[ACE](/wiki/ace)** |  | Alternating conditional expectation algorithm |
| **ACO** |  | Ant Colony Optimization |
| **AdA** |  | Adaptive Agent |
| **Adam** |  | Adaptive Moment Estimation |
| **ADASYN** |  | Adaptive Synthetic Sampling |
| **ADT** |  | Automatic Drum Transcription |
| **AE** |  | Autoencoder |
| **AGC** |  | Adaptive Gradient Clipping |
| **[AGI](/wiki/agi)** |  | [Artificial general intelligence](/wiki/artificial_general_intelligence) |
| **[AI](/wiki/ai)** |  | [Artificial intelligence](/wiki/artificial_intelligence) |
| **AIaaS** |  | Artificial Intelligence as a Service |
| **AIWPSO** |  | Adaptive Inertia Weight Particle Swarm Optimization |
| **AL** |  | Active Learning |
| **AM** |  | Activation maximization |
| **AMR** |  | Abstract Meaning Representation |
| **AMT** |  | Automatic Music Transcription |
| **ANI** |  | Artificial Narrow Intelligence |
| **[ANN](/wiki/ann)** |  | Artificial neural network |
| **ANOVA** |  | Analysis of variance |
| **API** |  | Application Programming Interface |
| **[AR](/wiki/ar)** |  | [Augmented reality](/wiki/augmented_reality) |
| **ARNN** |  | Anticipation Recurrent Neural Network |
| **ASI** |  | Artificial superintelligence |
| **ASIC** |  | Application-Specific Integrated Circuit |
| **ASR** |  | Automatic speech recognition |
| **AST** |  | Automated speech translation |
| **[AUC](/wiki/auc)** |  | [Area Under the Curve](/wiki/area_under_the_curve) |
| **AutoML** |  | Automated Machine Learning |
| **BB84** |  | A quantum key distribution protocol (named after its inventors, Bennett and Brassard, and the year 1984) |
| **BBO** |  | Biogeography-Based Optimization |
| **BCE** |  | Binary cross-entropy |
| **BDT** |  | Boosted Decision Tree |
| **[BERT](/wiki/bert)** |  | [Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers](/wiki/bidirectional_encoder_representations_from_transformers) |
| **BFS** |  | Breadth-First Search |
| **BI** |  | Business Intelligence |
| **BiFPN** |  | Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network |
| **BILSTM** |  | Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory |
| **BLEU** |  | Bilingual evaluation understudy |
| **BN** |  | Bayesian Network |
| **BNN** |  | Bayesian Neural Network |
| **BO** |  | Bayesian Optimization |
| **[BP](/wiki/bp)** |  | [Backpropagation](/wiki/backpropagation) |
| **BPE** |  | Byte Pair Encoding |
| **BPMF** |  | Bayesian Probabilistic Matrix Factorization |
| **BPN** |  | Backpropagation Neural Network |
| **BPTT** |  | Backpropagation through time |
| **BQML** |  | Big Query Machine Learning |
| **BR** |  | Best-Response (in game theory) |
| **BRDF** |  | Bidirectional reflectance distribution function |
| **BRNN** |  | Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Network |
| **BRR** |  | Bayesian ridge regression |
| **CAD** |  | Computer-Aided Design |
| **CAE** |  | Contractive Autoencoder |
| **CALA** |  | Continuous Action-set Learning Automata |
| **CAM** |  | Computer-Aided Manufacturing |
| **CAPTCHA** |  | Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart |
| **CART** |  | Classification And Regression Tree |
| **CASE** |  | Computer-Aided Software Engineering |
| **CatBoost** |  | Categorical Boosting |
| **CAV** |  | Concept Activation Vectors |
| **CBAC** |  | Content-Based Access Control |
| **CBI** |  | Counterfactual Bias Insertion |
| **CBOW** |  | Continuous Bag of Words |
| **CBR** |  | Case-Based Reasoning |
| **CCA** |  | Canonical Correlation Analysis |
| **CCC** |  | Canonical Correlation Coefficients |
| **CCE** |  | Categorical cross-entropy |
| **CDBN** |  | Convolutional Deep Belief Networks |
| **CE** |  | Cross-Entropy |
| **CEC** |  | Constant Error Carousel |
| **CEGAR** |  | Counterexample-Guided Abstraction Refinement |
| **CEGIS** |  | Counterexample-Guided Inductive Synthesis |
| **CF** |  | Common Features |
| **cGAN** |  | Conditional Generative Adversarial Network |
| **[CL](/wiki/cl)** |  | [Confident learning](/wiki/confident_learning) |
| **CLIP** |  | Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training |
| **CLNN** |  | ConditionaL Neural Networks |
| **CMA** |  | Covariance Matrix Adaptation |
| **CMA-ES** |  | Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy |
| **CMAC** |  | Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller |
| **CMMs** |  | Conditional Markov Model |
| **CNN** |  | [Convolutional neural network](/wiki/convolutional_neural_network) |
| **COIN-OR** |  | Computational Infrastructure for Operations Research |
| **ConvNet** |  | Convolutional Neural Network |
| **COT** |  | Chain of Thought |
| **COTE** |  | Collective of Transformation-Based Ensembles |
| **COTP** |  | Chain of Thought Prompting |
| **CP** |  | Constraint Programming |
| **CPLEX** |  | An optimization solver (from "C" programming language and "simplex") |
| **CPN** |  | Colored Petri Nets |
| **CRBM** |  | Conditional Restricted Boltzmann Machine |
| **CRF** |  | Conditional Random Field |
| **CRFs** |  | Conditional Random Fields |
| **CRNN** |  | Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network |
| **CSLR** |  | Continuous Sign Language Recognition |
| **CSP** |  | Constraint Satisfaction Problem |
| **CSV** |  | Comma-separated values |
| **CT-LSTM** |  | Convolutional Transformer Long Short-Term Memory |
| **CTC** |  | Connectionist Temporal Classification |
| **CTR** |  | Collaborative Topic Regression |
| **[CUDA](/wiki/cuda)** |  | Compute Unified Device Architecture |
| **CV** |  | Computer Vision, Cross validation, Coefficient of variation |
| **Cyc** |  | CycL and OpenCyc, a knowledge representation and reasoning system |
| **D*** |  | Dynamic A* Search Algorithm |
| **DAAF** |  | Data Augmentation and Auxiliary Feature |
| **DaaS** |  | Data as a Service |
| **DAE** |  | Denoising AutoEncoder or Deep AutoEncoder |
| **DAML** |  | DARPA Agent Markup Language |
| **DART** |  | Disturbance Aware Regression Tree |
| **DBM** |  | Deep Boltzmann Machine |
| **DBN** |  | Deep belief network |
| **DBSCAN** |  | Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise |
| **[DCAI](/wiki/dcai)** |  | [Data-centric AI](/wiki/data-centric_ai) |
| **DCGAN** |  | Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network |
| **DCMDN** |  | Deep Convolutional Mixture Density Network |
| **DDPG** |  | Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient |
| **DE** |  | Differential evolution |
| **DeconvNet** |  | DeConvolutional Neural Network |
| **DeepLIFT** |  | Deep Learning Important FeaTures |
| **DFS** |  | Depth-First Search |
| **DL** |  | Deep learning |
| **[DM](/wiki/dm)** |  | [Diffusion model](/wiki/diffusion_model) |
| **DNN** |  | [Deep neural network](/wiki/deep_neural_network) |
| **DP** |  | Dynamic Programming |
| **[DQN](/wiki/dqn)** |  | Deep Q-Learning |
| **DR** |  | Detection Rate |
| **DRL** |  | Deep Reinforcement Learning |
| **DS** |  | Data Science |
| **DSN** |  | Deep Stacking Network |
| **DSR** |  | Deep Symbolic Reinforcement Learning |
| **DSS** |  | Decision Support System |
| **DSW** |  | Data Stream Warehousing |
| **DT** |  | Decision Tree |
| **DTD** |  | Deep Taylor Decomposition |
| **DWT** |  | Discrete Wavelet Transform |
| **EDA** |  | Exploratory data analysis |
| **EKF** |  | Extended Kalman Filter |
| **ELECTRA** |  | Efficiently Learning an Encoder that Classifies Token Replacements Accurately |
| **ELM** |  | Extreme Learning Machine |
| **ELMo** |  | Embeddings from Language Models |
| **ELU** |  | Exponential Linear Unit |
| **EM** |  | Expectation maximization |
| **EMD** |  | Entropy Minimization Discretization |
| **ERNIE** |  | Enhanced Representation through kNowledge IntEgration |
| **ES** |  | Evolution Strategies |
| **ESN** |  | Echo State Network |
| **ETL** |  | Extract, Transform, Load |
| **ETL Pipeline** |  | Extract Transform Load Pipeline |
| **EXT** |  | Extremely Randomized Trees |
| **F1** |  | F1 Score (harmonic mean of precision and recall) |
| **F1 Score** |  | Harmonic Precision-Recall Mean |
| **FALA** |  | Finite Action-set Learning Automata |
| **Fast R-CNN** |  | Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network |
| **FC** |  | Fully-Connected |
| **FC-CNN** |  | Fully Convolutional Convolutional Neural Network |
| **FC-LSTM** |  | Fully Connected Long Short-Term Memory |
| **FCM** |  | Fuzzy C-Means |
| **FCN** |  | Fully Convolutional Network |
| **FER** |  | Facial Expression Recognition |
| **FFT** |  | Fast Fourier transform |
| **FL** |  | Federated Learning |
| **FLOP** |  | Floating Point Operations |
| **FLOPS** |  | Floating Point Operations Per Second |
| **FM** |  | [Foundation model](/wiki/foundation_model) |
| **[FN](/wiki/fn)** |  | [False negative](/wiki/false_negative) |
| **FNN** |  | Feedforward Neural Network |
| **FNR** |  | [False negative rate](/wiki/false_negative_rate) |
| **FOAF** |  | Friend of a Friend (ontology) |
| **[FP](/wiki/fp)** |  | [False positive](/wiki/false_positive) |
| **FPGA** |  | Field-Programmable Gate Array |
| **FPN** |  | Feature Pyramid Network |
| **FPR** |  | False positive rate |
| **FST** |  | Finite state transducer |
| **FTL** |  | Few-Shot Learning |
| **FWA** |  | Fireworks Algorithm |
| **FWIoU** |  | Frequency Weighted Intersection over Union |
| **GA** |  | Genetic Algorithm |
| **GALE** |  | Global Aggregations of Local Explanations |
| **GAM** |  | Generalized Additive Model |
| **[GAN](/wiki/gan)** |  | Generative Adversarial Network |
| **GAP** |  | Global Average Pooling |
| **GQA** |  | Grouped-Query Attention |
| **GBDT** |  | Gradient Boosted Decision Tree |
| **GBM** |  | Gradient Boosting Machine |
| **GBRCN** |  | Gradient-Boosting Random Convolutional Network |
| **GD** |  | [Gradient descent](/wiki/gradient_descent) |
| **GEBI** |  | Global Explanation for Bias Identification |
| **GFNN** |  | Gradient frequency neural network |
| **GLCM** |  | Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix |
| **GLM** |  | Generalized Linear Model |
| **GLOM** |  | A neural network architecture by Geoffrey Hinton |
| **Gloss2Text** |  | A task of transforming raw glosses into meaningful sentences. |
| **GloVE** |  | Global Vectors |
| **GLPK** |  | GNU Linear Programming Kit |
| **GLUE** |  | General Language Understanding Evaluation |
| **GMM** |  | Gaussian mixture model |
| **GP** |  | Genetic Programming |
| **GPR** |  | Gaussian process regression |
| **[GPT](/wiki/gpt)** |  | Generative Pre-Training |
| **GPU** |  | Graphics processing unit |
| **GradCAM** |  | GRADient-weighted Class Activation Mapping |
| **GRU** |  | Gated recurrent unit |
| **Gurobi** |  | An optimization solver (named after its founders, Zonghao Gu, Edward Rothberg, and Robert Bixby) |
| **HamNoSys** |  | Hamburg Sign Language Notation System |
| **HAN** |  | Hierarchical Attention Networks |
| **HC** |  | Hierarchical Clustering |
| **HCA** |  | Hierarchical Clustering Analysis |
| **HDP** |  | Hierarchical Dirichlet process |
| **[HF](/wiki/hf)** |  | [Hugging Face](/wiki/hugging_face) |
| **HHDS** |  | HipHop Dataset |
| **hLDA** |  | Hierarchical Latent Dirichlet allocation |
| **HMM** |  | Hidden Markov Model |
| **HNN** |  | Hopfield Neural Network |
| **HOG** |  | Histogram of Oriented Gradients (feature descriptor) |
| **Hopfield** |  | Hopfield Network |
| **HPC** |  | High Performance Computing |
| **HRED** |  | Hierarchical Recurrent Encoder-Decoder |
| **HRI** |  | Human-Robot Interaction |
| **HSMM** |  | Hidden Semi-Markov Model |
| **HTM** |  | Hierarchical Temporal Memory |
| **i.i.d** |  | Independent and Identically Distributed |
| **[i.i.d.](/wiki/i_i_d)** |  | [Independently and identically distributed](/wiki/independently_and_identically_distributed) |
| **IaaS** |  | Infrastructure as a Service |
| **ICA** |  | Independent component analysis |
| **ICP** |  | Iterative Closest Point (point cloud registration) |
| **ID3** |  | Iterative Dichotomiser 3 |
| **IDA*** |  | Iterative Deepening A* Search Algorithm |
| **IDR** |  | Input dependence rate |
| **IG** |  | Invariant Generation |
| **[IID](/wiki/iid)** |  | [Independently and identically distributed](/wiki/independently_and_identically_distributed) |
| **IIR** |  | Input independence rate |
| **ILASP** |  | Inductive Learning of Answer Set Programs |
| **ILP** |  | Integer Linear Programming |
| **INFD** |  | Explanation Infidelity |
| **IoA** |  | Internet of Agents |
| **IoE** |  | Internet of Everything |
| **IoT** |  | Internet of Things |
| **[IoU](/wiki/iou)** |  | Jaccard index (intersection over union) |
| **IR** |  | Information Retrieval |
| **IRCoT** |  | Interleaving Retrieval CoT |
| **ISIC** |  | International Skin Imaging Collaboration |
| **IVR** |  | Interactive Voice Response |
| **K-Means** |  | K-Means Clustering |
| **KB** |  | Knowledge Base |
| **KDE** |  | Kernel Density Estimation |
| **KF** |  | Kalman Filter |
| **kFCV** |  | K-fold cross validation |
| **KL** |  | Kullback Leibler (KL) divergence |
| **KNN** |  | K-nearest neighbors |
| **KR** |  | Knowledge Representation |
| **KRR** |  | Kernel Ridge Regression |
| **LAION** |  | Large-scale Artificial Intelligence Open Network |
| **LAMA** |  | LAnguage Model Analysis |
| **[LaMDA](/wiki/lamda)** |  | Language Models for Dialog Applications |
| **LBP** |  | Local Binary Pattern (texture descriptor) |
| **LDA** |  | Latent Dirichlet Allocation |
| **LDADE** |  | Latent Dirichlet Allocation Differential Evolution |
| **LEPOR** |  | Language Evaluation Portal |
| **LightGBM** |  | Light Gradient Boosting Machine |
| **LIME** |  | Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations |
| **LINGO** |  | A software for linear, nonlinear, and integer optimization |
| **LL** |  | Lifelong learning |
| **[LLM](/wiki/llm)** |  | [Large language model](/wiki/large_language_model) |
| **LLS** |  | Linear least squares |
| **LMNN** |  | Large Margin Nearest Neighbor |
| **LoLM** |  | Lots of Little Models |
| **LP** |  | Linear Programming |
| **LPAQA** |  | Language model Prompt And Query Archive |
| **LRP** |  | Layer-wise Relevance Propagation |
| **LSA** |  | Latent semantic analysis |
| **LSI** |  | Latent Semantic Indexing |
| **[LSTM](/wiki/lstm)** |  | Long short-term memory |
| **LSTM-CRF** |  | Long Short-Term Memory with Conditional Random Field |
| **LTR** |  | Learning To Rank |
| **LVQ** |  | Learning Vector Quantization |
| **M2M** |  | Machine to Machine |
| **MADE** |  | Masked Autoencoder for Distribution Estimation |
| **MAE** |  | Mean absolute error |
| **MAF** |  | Masked Autoregressive Flows |
| **MAIRL** |  | Multi-Agent Inverse Reinforcement Learning |
| **MAP** |  | Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) Estimation |
| **MAPE** |  | Mean absolute percentage error |
| **MARL** |  | Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning |
| **MART** |  | Multiple Additive Regression Tree |
| **MaxEnt** |  | Maximum Entropy |
| **MAXSAT** |  | Maximum Satisfiability Problem |
| **MCLNN** |  | Masked ConditionaL Neural Networks |
| **MCMC** |  | Markov Chain Monte Carlo |
| **MCS** |  | Model contrast score |
| **MCTS** |  | Monte Carlo Tree Search |
| **MDL** |  | Minimum description length (MDL) principle |
| **MDN** |  | Mixture Density Network |
| **MDP** |  | Markov Decision Process |
| **MDRNN** |  | Multidimensional recurrent neural network |
| **MER** |  | Music Emotion Recognition |
| **METEOR** |  | Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit ORdering |
| **MIL** |  | Multiple Instance Learning |
| **MILP** |  | Mixed-Integer Linear Programming |
| **MINT** |  | Mutual Information based Transductive Feature Selection |
| **MIoU** |  | Mean Intersection over Union |
| **MIP** |  | Mixed-Integer Programming |
| **[ML](/wiki/ml)** |  | [Machine learning](/wiki/machine_learning) |
| **MLaaS** |  | Machine Learning as a Service |
| **MLE** |  | Maximum Likelihood Estimation |
| **MLLM** |  | Multimodal large language model |
| **MLM** |  | Music Language Models |
| **MLP** |  | Multi-Layer Perceptron |
| **MoA** |  | Mixture of Agents |
| **MoE** |  | Mixture of Experts |
| **MMI** |  | Maximum Mutual Information |
| **[MNIST](/wiki/mnist)** |  | Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology |
| **MOEA** |  | Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm |
| **MQA** |  | Multi-Query Attention |
| **MPA** |  | Mean Pixel Accuracy |
| **MR** |  | Mixed Reality |
| **MRF** |  | Markov Random Field |
| **MRR** |  | Mean Reciprocal Rank |
| **MRS** |  | Music Recommender System |
| **MSDAE** |  | Modified Sparse Denoising Autoencoder |
| **MSE** |  | Mean squared error |
| **MSR** |  | Music Style Recognition |
| **MTL** |  | Multi-Task Learning |
| **NARX** |  | Nonlinear AutoRegressive with eXogenous input (neural network model) |
| **NAS** |  | Neural Architecture Search |
| **NB** |  | Na ̈ıve Bayes |
| **NBKE** |  | Na ̈ıve Bayes with Kernel Estimation |
| **NDCG** |  | Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain |
| **NE** |  | Nash Equilibrium (in game theory) |
| **NEAT** |  | NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies |
| **NER** |  | Named entity recognition |
| **NERQ** |  | Named Entity Recognition in Query |
| **NEST** |  | Neural Simulation Tool |
| **NF** |  | Normalizing Flow |
| **NFL** |  | No Free Lunch (NFL) theorem |
| **NISQ** |  | Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (quantum computing) |
| **NLG** |  | Natural Language Generation |
| **[NLP](/wiki/nlp)** |  | [Natural Language Processing](/wiki/natural_language_processing) |
| **NLT** |  | Neural Machine Translation |
| **[NLU](/wiki/nlu)** |  | Natural Language Understanding |
| **NMF** |  | Non-negative matrix factorization |
| **NMS** |  | Non Maximum Suppression |
| **NMT** |  | Neural Machine Translation |
| **[NN](/wiki/nn)** |  | [Neural network](/wiki/neural_network) |
| **NNMODFF** |  | Neural Network based Multi-Onset Detection Function Fusion |
| **NPE** |  | Neural Physical Engine |
| **NRMSE** |  | Normalized RMSE |
| **NSGA-II** |  | Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II |
| **NST** |  | Neural style transfer |
| **NTM** |  | Neural Turing Machine |
| **NuSVC** |  | Nu-Support Vector Classification |
| **NuSVR** |  | Nu-Support Vector Regression |
| **OBM** |  | One Big Model |
| **OCR** |  | Optical character recognition |
| **OD** |  | Object Detection |
| **ODF** |  | Onset Detection Function |
| **OIL** |  | Ontology Inference Layer |
| **OLR** |  | Ordinary Linear Regression |
| **OLS** |  | Ordinary Least Squares |
| **OMNeT++** |  | Objective Modular Network Testbed in C++ |
| **OMR** |  | Optical Mark Recognition |
| **OOF** |  | Out-of-fold |
| **ORB** |  | Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (feature descriptor) |
| **OWL** |  | Web Ontology Language |
| **PA** |  | Pixel Accuracy |
| **PaaS** |  | Platform as a Service |
| **PACO** |  | Poisson Additive Co-Clustering |
| **PaLM** |  | Pathways Language Model |
| **PBAC** |  | Policy-Based Access Control |
| **PCA** |  | Principal component analysis |
| **PCL** |  | Point Cloud Library (3D perception) |
| **PECS** |  | Physics Engine for Collaborative Simulation |
| **PEGASUS** |  | Pre-training with Extracted Gap-Sentences for Abstractive Summarization |
| **PF** |  | Particle Filter |
| **PFE** |  | Probabilistic facial embedding |
| **PLSI** |  | Probabilistic Latent Semantic Indexing |
| **PM** |  | Project Manager |
| **PMF** |  | Probabilistic Matrix Factorization |
| **PMI** |  | Pointwise Mutual Information |
| **PNN** |  | Probabilistic Neural Network |
| **POC** |  | Proof of Concept |
| **POMDP** |  | Partially Observable Markov Decision Process |
| **POS** |  | Part of Speech (POS) Tagging |
| **POT** |  | Partially Observable Tree (decision-making under uncertainty) |
| **PPL** |  | Perplexity (a measure of language model performance) |
| **PPMI** |  | Positive Pointwise Mutual Information |
| **PPO** |  | Proximal Policy Optimization |
| **PReLU** |  | Parametric Rectified Linear Unit-Yor Topic Modeling |
| **PRM** |  | Probabilistic Roadmap (motion planning algorithm) |
| **PSO** |  | Particle Swarm Optimization |
| **PU** |  | Positive Unlabaled |
| **PYTM** |  | Pitman |
| **QA** |  | Question Answering |
| **QAOA** |  | Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm |
| **QAP** |  | Quadratic Assignment Problem |
| **QEC** |  | Quantum Error Correction |
| **QFT** |  | Quantum Fourier Transform |
| **QIP** |  | Quantum Information Processing |
| **QKD** |  | Quantum Key Distribution |
| **QML** |  | Quantum Machine Learning |
| **QNN** |  | Quantum Neural Network |
| **QP** |  | Quadratic Programming |
| **QPE** |  | Quantum Phase Estimation |
| **R-CNN** |  | Region-based Convolutional Neural Network |
| **R2** |  | R-squared |
| **RAG** |  | Retrieval-Augmented Generation |
| **RandNN** |  | Random Neural Network |
| **RANSAC** |  | RANdom SAmple Consensus |
| **RBAC** |  | Rule-Based Access Control |
| **RBF** |  | Radial Basis Function |
| **RBFNN** |  | Radial Basis Function Neural Network |
| **RBM** |  | Restricted Boltzmann Machine |
| **RDF** |  | Resource Description Framework |
| **ReAct** |  | Reason + Act |
| **REALM** |  | Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Training |
| **ReCAPTCHA** |  | Reverse CAPTCHA |
| **[ReLU](/wiki/relu)** |  | Rectified Linear Unit |
| **REPTree** |  | Reduced Error Pruning Tree |
| **RETRO** |  | Retrieval Enhanced Transformer |
| **RF** |  | [Random forest](/wiki/random_forest) |
| **RFE** |  | Recursive Feature Elimination |
| **RGB** |  | Red Green Blue color model |
| **RICNN** |  | Rotation Invariant Convolutional Neural Network |
| **RIM** |  | Recurrent Interence Machines |
| **RIPPER** |  | Repeated Incremental Pruning to Produce Error Reduction |
| **RISE** |  | Random Interval Spectral Ensemble |
| **[RL](/wiki/rl)** |  | [Reinforcement learning](/wiki/reinforcement_learning) |
| **RLFM** |  | Regression based latent factors |
| **[RLHF](/wiki/rlhf)** |  | Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback |
| **RMSE** |  | Root mean squared error |
| **RMSLE** |  | Root mean squared logarithmic error |
| **RMSprop** |  | Root Mean Square Propagation |
| **[RNN](/wiki/rnn)** |  | [Recurrent neural network](/wiki/recurrent_neural_network) |
| **RNNLM** |  | Recurrent Neural Network Language Model (RNNLM) |
| **RoBERTa** |  | Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach |
| **ROC** |  | Receiver operating characteristic |
| **ROI** |  | Region Of Interest |
| **ROS** |  | Robot Operating System |
| **ROUGE** |  | Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (NLP metric) |
| **RPA** |  | Robotic Process Automation |
| **RR** |  | Ridge Regression |
| **RRT** |  | Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (motion planning algorithm) |
| **[RSI](/wiki/rsi)** |  | [Recursive self-improvement](/wiki/recursive_self-improvement) |
| **RTRL** |  | Real-Time Recurrent Learning |
| **SA** |  | Simulated Annealing, [Segment Anything](/wiki/segment_anything) |
| **[SAM](/wiki/sam)** |  | [Segment Anything Model](/wiki/segment_anything_model) |
| **SaaS** |  | Software as a Service |
| **SAC** |  | Soft Actor-Critic |
| **SAE** |  | Stacked AE |
| **SARSA** |  | State-Action-Reward-State-Action |
| **SAT** |  | Satisfiability Problem |
| **SBAC** |  | Situation-Based Access Control |
| **SBM** |  | Stochastic block model |
| **SBO** |  | Structured Bayesian optimization |
| **SBSE** |  | Search-based software engineering |
| **SCH** |  | Stochastic convex hull |
| **SCIP** |  | Solving Constraint Integer Programs |
| **SDAE** |  | Stacked DAE |
| **seq2seq** |  | Sequence to Sequence Learning |
| **SER** |  | Sentence Error Rate |
| **SGBoost** |  | Stochastic Gradient Boosting |
| **SGD** |  | Stochastic gradient descent |
| **SGVB** |  | Stochastic Gradient Variational Bayes |
| **SHAP** |  | SHapley Additive exPlanation |
| **SHLLE** |  | Supervised Hessian Locally Linear Embedding |
| **SIFT** |  | Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (feature detection) |
| **Sign2(Gloss+Text)** |  | Sign to Gloss and Text |
| **Sign2Gloss** |  | A one to one translation from the single sign to the single gloss. |
| **Sign2Text** |  | A task of full translation from the sign language into the spoken one |
| **[SL](/wiki/sl)** |  | [Supervised learning](/wiki/supervised_learning) |
| **SLAM** |  | Simultaneous Localization and Mapping |
| **SLM** |  | Small Language Model |
| **SLDS** |  | Switching Linear Dynamical System |
| **SLP** |  | Single-Layer Perceptron |
| **SLRT** |  | Sign Language Recognition Transformer |
| **SLT** |  | Sign Language Translation |
| **SLTT** |  | Sign Language Translation Transformer |
| **SMA*** |  | Simplified Memory-bounded A* Search Algorithm |
| **SMBO** |  | Sequential Model-Based Optimization |
| **SMO** |  | Sequential Minimal Optimization |
| **SMOTE** |  | Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique |
| **SNN** |  | Sparse Neural Network |
| **SOM** |  | Self-Organizing Map |
| **SOTA** |  | State of the Art |
| **SPARQL** |  | SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language |
| **Spiking NN** |  | Spiking Neural Network |
| **SPM** |  | SentencePiece Model (subword tokenization) |
| **SpRay** |  | Spectral Relevance Analysis |
| **SSD** |  | Single-Shot Detector |
| **SSL** |  | Self-Supervised Learning |
| **SSVM** |  | Smooth support vector machine |
| **ST** |  | Style transfer |
| **STaR** |  | Self-Taught Reasoner |
| **STDA** |  | Style Transfer Data Augmentation |
| **STDP** |  | Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity |
| **STL** |  | Selt-Taught Learning |
| **SUMO** |  | Simulation of Urban Mobility |
| **SURF** |  | Speeded-Up Robust Features (feature detection) |
| **SVC** |  | Support Vector Classification |
| **SVD** |  | Singing Voice Detection |
| **SVM** |  | Support vector machine |
| **SVR** |  | Support Vector Regression |
| **SVS** |  | Singing Voice Separation |
| **SWI-Prolog** |  | Semantic Web Interface for Prolog |
| **t-SNE** |  | t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding |
| **T5** |  | Text-To-Text Transfer Transformer |
| **TD** |  | Temporal Difference |
| **TDA** |  | Targeted Data Augmentation |
| **TDE** |  | Time Domain Ensemble |
| **tf-idf** |  | term frequency-inverse document frequency |
| **TGAN** |  | Temporal Generative Adversarial Network |
| **THAID** |  | THeta Automatic Interaction Detection |
| **TINT** |  | Tree-Interpreter |
| **TL** |  | Transfer Learning |
| **TLFN** |  | Time-Lagged Feedforward Neural Network |
| **[TN](/wiki/tn)** |  | [True negative](/wiki/true_negative) |
| **TNR** |  | True negative rate |
| **ToM** |  | Theory of Mind |
| **[TP](/wiki/tp)** |  | [True positive](/wiki/true_positive) |
| **TPOT** |  | Tree-based Pipeline Optimization Tool |
| **[TPR](/wiki/tpr)** |  | [True positive rate](/wiki/true_positive_rate) |
| **[TPU](/wiki/tpu)** |  | Tensor Processing Unit |
| **TRPO** |  | Trust Region Policy Optimization |
| **TS** |  | Tabu Search |
| **TSF** |  | Time Series Forest |
| **TSP** |  | Traveling Salesman Problem |
| **TTS** |  | Text-to-Speech |
| **UCT** |  | Upper Confidence bounds applied to Trees (Monte Carlo Tree Search variant) |
| **UDA** |  | Unsupervised Data Augmentation |
| **UKF** |  | Unscented Kalman Filter |
| **[UL](/wiki/ul)** |  | [Unsupervised learning](/wiki/unsupervised_learning) |
| **ULMFiT** |  | Universal Language Model Fine-Tuning |
| **UMAP** |  | Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection |
| **[USM](/wiki/usm)** |  | [Universal Speech Model](/wiki/universal_speech_model) |
| **V-Net** |  | Volumetric Convolutional neural network |
| **VAD** |  | Voice Activity Detection |
| **VAE** |  | Variational AutoEncoder |
| **VGG** |  | Visual Geometry Group |
| **VHRED** |  | Variational Hierarchical Recurrent Encoder-Decoder |
| **VISSIM** |  | A traffic simulation software (from "Verkehr In Städten |
| **ViT** |  | Vision Transformer |
| **VLM** |  | Vision-Language Model |
| **VPNN** |  | Vector Product Neural Network |
| **VQ-VAE** |  | Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoders |
| **VQE** |  | Variational Quantum Eigensolver |
| **VR** |  | Virtual reality |
| **VRP** |  | Vehicle Routing Problem |
| **VUI** |  | Voice User Interface |
| **WCSP** |  | Weighted Constraint Satisfaction Problem |
| **WER** |  | Word Error Rate |
| **WFST** |  | Weighted finite-state transducer (WFST) |
| **WGAN** |  | Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network |
| **WMA** |  | Weighted Majority Algorithm |
| **WPE** |  | Weighted Prediction Error |
| **[XAI](/wiki/xai)** |  | Explainable Artificial Intelligence |
| **XGBoost** |  | eXtreme Gradient Boosting |
| **XOR** |  | Exclusive OR (a common problem in neural networks) |
| **YOLO** |  | You Only Look Once |
| **ZSL** |  | Zero-Shot Learning |