# Matrix Robotics

> Source: https://aiwiki.ai/wiki/matrix_robotics
> Updated: 2026-06-27
> Categories: Humanoid Robots, Robotics Companies
> From AI Wiki (https://aiwiki.ai), a free encyclopedia of artificial intelligence. Quote with attribution.

| Matrix Robotics |
| --- |
| General information |
| **Full name** | Shanghai Matrix Superintelligent System Integration Co., Ltd. |
| **Founded** | 2024 |
| **Founder** | Zhang Haixing (CEO) |
| **Headquarters** | Shanghai, China |
| **Industry** | [Robotics](/wiki/robotics), [Embodied AI](/wiki/embodied_ai), Physical AI |
| **Products** | [Humanoid robots](/wiki/humanoid_robots) |
| **Flagship robot** | [MATRIX-3](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_3) |
| **Foundation model** | WAVE (physical AI model) |
| **Joint venture** | Star Dynamics Technology (with Hongrun Construction Group) |
| **Website** | [matrixrobotics.ai](https://www.matrixrobotics.ai/) |

**Matrix Robotics** (formally **Shanghai Matrix Superintelligent System Integration Co., Ltd.**) is a Chinese [robotics](/wiki/robotics) company headquartered in Shanghai that designs [humanoid robots](/wiki/humanoid_robots) covered in biomimetic skin and driven by a self-developed physical [AI](/wiki/artificial_intelligence) model called WAVE. Its flagship is the third-generation [MATRIX-3](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_3), a roughly 1.7 m, 65 kg humanoid with a 27-degree-of-freedom dexterous hand and a 3D-woven sensing skin, launched in January 2026.[1][2][5][10] The company was founded in 2024 by Zhang Haixing, the former founding leader of [Tesla](/wiki/tesla) China's Design and Research Center, and is part of the wider 2025 to 2026 wave of [Chinese](/wiki/china_ai) humanoid-robot startups racing toward mass production.[2][3]

Matrix Robotics also holds a 40% stake in Star Dynamics Technology Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 星动力), a joint venture with Hongrun Construction Group established in September 2025 to accelerate the mass production and commercialization of humanoid robots. The product line spans from the MATRIX-1 first-generation platform unveiled in late 2024 to the MATRIX-3 third-generation flagship announced in January 2026. The company says it can deliver 5,000 units in 2026 and targets an annual output of 100,000 units by 2027 from its MFH Factory in the Zhangjiang district of Shanghai.[2][3][5][10]

## What is Matrix Robotics?

Matrix Robotics is a Shanghai-based humanoid robotics startup founded in 2024 by ex-[Tesla](/wiki/tesla) designer Zhang Haixing (also known as Allen Zhang). Its distinguishing pitch combines three elements: a soft, person-like body wrapped in biomimetic skin instead of an exposed-joint industrial shell; a Tesla-derived industrial-design lineage; and a control and AI stack designed from the start for volume manufacturing, including through the Star Dynamics joint venture.[1][2][3][5]

The company positions its robots as "Physical AI" platforms: rather than executing fully pre-programmed routines, the robots are meant to perceive, reason, and adapt to the physical world. According to Matrix Robotics, the philosophy behind its flagship, in CEO Zhang Haixing's words, is "to enable robots to integrate naturally and safely into human environments."[5]

## History

### Founding and Zhang Haixing's background (2024)

Matrix Robotics was founded in 2024 in Shanghai by Zhang Haixing. Before founding the company, Zhang served as the founding leader of [Tesla](/wiki/tesla)'s China Design and Research Center, where he contributed to the [Tesla Optimus](/wiki/tesla_optimus_gen_3) humanoid robot program, the autonomous robotaxi initiative, electric vehicle design, and smart charging infrastructure. Zhang brings more than 20 years of experience in product research and development, design, and technology entrepreneurship across consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and artificial intelligence.[2][3]

Zhang holds over 100 patents and has received several international design awards, including the German Red Dot Award, Japan's Good Design Award, and the [CES](/wiki/consumer_electronics_show) Innovation Award. According to the company, he applied lessons from Tesla's approach to dexterous hand engineering and humanoid body design to his work at Matrix Robotics. In English-language Matrix Robotics communications, he is also referred to as Allen Zhang.[2][7]

### MATRIX-1 unveiling (late 2024)

In late 2024, Matrix Robotics introduced the [MATRIX-1](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_1), its first-generation humanoid robot. The MATRIX-1 attracted attention because its design moved away from the exposed-joint industrial aesthetic common in early humanoids and instead used a soft, rounded form factor that observers said looked closer to an actual person. The robot's body appeared to be wrapped in a layer of soft, skin-like material, making it one of the more human-looking Chinese humanoid robots at the time of its unveiling.[1][4]

The first-generation platform was aimed at logistics, manufacturing, warehouse support, and basic service tasks. Industry trackers list the MATRIX-1 as a prototype with a $100,000 price point, although the company has not confirmed commercial pricing for the early platform.[4]

### Star Dynamics joint venture (September 2025)

On September 19, 2025, Star Dynamics Technology Co., Ltd. was formally established as a joint venture between Hongrun Construction Group and Matrix Super Intelligence. Hongrun Construction Group holds 60% of the equity, with Matrix Super Intelligence holding the remaining 40%. The agreement had been signed earlier in September, and both parties committed to joint efforts in research, development, production, and commercialization of humanoid robots for industrial and commercial applications.[2][3]

Star Dynamics then unveiled its first humanoid robot, the Star Dynamics No. 1 (also referred to as Star-1), which featured a golden coating with a finish that Chinese media compared to [Tesla](/wiki/tesla)'s Optimus version 2.5. Zhang Haixing announced that Star-1 mass production would begin in 2026 and that, within two to three years, the single-unit price would reach a level affordable for general consumers, paving the way for entry into the consumer (C-end) market.[2][3][8]

> Note: this Star Dynamics (星动力), the Matrix and Hongrun joint venture, is a different company from the Tsinghua-affiliated firm Robot Era (星动纪元), whose humanoid is also marketed in English as "STAR1." The two are unrelated despite the similar English naming, and the large funding rounds reported for Robot Era do not apply to the Matrix joint venture.[2][3]

### MATRIX-3 launch (January 2026)

On January 10, 2026, Matrix Robotics formally launched the [MATRIX-3](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_3), its third-generation flagship humanoid robot. The company described the MATRIX-3 as a systematic reconstruction of both hardware and software, integrating innovations in materials science, perception, locomotion, and foundational [AI](/wiki/artificial_intelligence). The MATRIX-3 is more compact than its predecessor and removes the protruding rear section visible in the MATRIX-1 silhouette, with a futuristic appearance and a smoother body line.[5][6][7]

Matrix Robotics opened an Early Access Program for MATRIX-3 to select industry partners, with initial pilot deployments expected to start in mid-2026 across commercial services, manufacturing, logistics, medical assistance, and home environments.[5][6]

### BEYOND Expo Macao (May 2026)

Matrix Robotics presented the MATRIX-3 at BEYOND Expo, held May 27 to 30, 2026, at The Venetian Macao Cotai Expo. At the event the company framed the MATRIX-3 around four core technologies: the WAVE physical foundation large model, high-performance biomimetic linear joints, a 27-degree-of-freedom dexterous hand, and a 3D-woven biomimetic safety skin. Matrix Robotics also said it had commissioned the MFH Factory in Zhangjiang, Shanghai, for end-to-end in-house production, stating capacity to deliver 5,000 units in 2026 and a target of 100,000 units by 2027.[10][9]

## Products

### MATRIX-1

The [MATRIX-1](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_1) is Matrix Robotics' first-generation humanoid robot, introduced in late 2024. It was designed to mirror human proportions and uses a soft, biomimetic exterior rather than exposed metal hardware.

| Specification | [MATRIX-1](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_1) |
| --- | --- |
| **Height** | 180 cm |
| **Weight** | 67 kg |
| **Total DOF** | 55 |
| **Hand DOF** | 22 (dexterous hand) |
| **Walking speed** | Up to 7.6 km/h |
| **Operating time** | About 5 hours per charge |
| **Arm payload** | Approximately 10 kg per arm |
| **Vision** | Stereo head-mounted cameras with depth perception |
| **Audio** | Multi-microphone array with active noise cancellation and built-in speakers |
| **Status** | Prototype |
| **Target applications** | Logistics, manufacturing, workplace patrolling, healthcare delivery, home assistance |

The MATRIX-1 emphasizes practical, work-oriented deployment. Its 55 degrees of freedom across the full body and 22-DOF dexterous hand provide fine motor control for manipulation tasks. The robot is built for integration into existing human work environments, with applications across logistics, manufacturing, service roles, and reception. Onboard processors run the AI stack, including computer vision for face and object recognition.[1][4]

### MATRIX-3

The [MATRIX-3](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_3) is Matrix Robotics' third-generation flagship humanoid robot, unveiled in January 2026. It represents a fundamental redesign aimed at moving humanoids beyond scripted industrial machines toward general-purpose physical intelligence in unstructured, real-world environments. The robot is positioned as a safe, autonomous, and highly generalizable platform.[5][6][7]

| Specification | [MATRIX-3](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_3) |
| --- | --- |
| **Height** | About 1.7 m (170 cm) |
| **Weight** | About 65 kg |
| **Maximum walking speed** | 3.9 km/h |
| **Dual-arm carrying capacity** | Up to 15 kg |
| **Continuous operation** | About 4 hours |
| **Hand DOF** | 27 per hand |
| **Fingers per hand** | 5 |
| **Color** | White |
| **Motor technology** | High-performance biomimetic linear joints (integrated linear actuators) |
| **Hand mechanism** | Cable-driven (tendon-driven) |
| **Tactile sensitivity** | 0.1 N at the fingertips |
| **Foundation model** | WAVE physical AI model, with zero-shot generalization |
| **Reported price (listing)** | $85,000 (prototype, not yet for sale) |
| **Status** | Early Access Program, pilots beginning mid-2026 |

Independent coverage reports the MATRIX-3 at 170 cm and about 65 kg, with five-fingered, tendon-driven hands and a 3D-woven biomimetic skin containing thousands of embedded tactile sensors sensitive to pressures as light as a gentle fingertip touch.[1][6]

#### Biomimetic skin technology

The MATRIX-3 chassis is covered in a three-dimensional woven flexible fabric, often referred to as bionic skin, that provides a soft and approachable aesthetic while embedding a distributed sensing network beneath the surface. The skin cushions physical contact and detects impact force in real time, allowing the robot to perceive and respond to interaction with its environment. High-dimensional tactile sensing is integrated directly into the skin layer, supporting safer operation in shared human spaces.[5][6]

#### Dexterous hand

The MATRIX-3 features a newly developed 27-degree-of-freedom dexterous hand, sometimes called the Lingxi Hand, with a joint architecture that closely mirrors human anatomy. It uses lightweight, cable-driven actuation (a tendon-driven structure) to produce fast and precise motion. Fingertip tactile sensor arrays can detect pressures as low as 0.1 newtons. A visual-tactile feedback loop lets the robot assess material properties, object geometry, and grip stability in real time, allowing it to handle fragile, deformable, and flexible items such as fabrics, paper, and delicate instruments.[5][6][7]

#### Mobility

Full-body mobility is powered by a general motion control model trained on large-scale human motion-capture and video datasets. The robot produces a natural humanoid gait using high-performance biomimetic linear joints (integrated linear actuators), sometimes described by the company as a "Bionic Super Joint" system, that provide high power density with low noise. Matrix Robotics has shown the MATRIX-3 navigating uneven terrain with stable, agile, coordinated whole-body movement, and reports a maximum walking speed of 3.9 km/h and a dual-arm carrying capacity of up to 15 kg.[5][6][10]

#### AI and cognition

The MATRIX-3 runs on WAVE, a self-developed physical AI foundation model from Matrix Super Intelligence. According to the company, WAVE supports zero-shot generalization, so the robot can "understand basic physical principles, interpret natural-language instructions, plan actions, and adapt to novel tasks in unstructured environments without extensive finetuning."[1] The system also handles autonomous grasp planning with real-time force and posture adjustment, real-time obstacle avoidance, and complex hand-eye coordination in unfamiliar scenarios.[5][6][7]

In the company's framing, MATRIX-3 combines four core technologies: the WAVE physical foundation model, high-performance biomimetic linear joints, the 27-DOF dexterous hand, and a 3D-woven biomimetic safety skin.[10]

### Star Dynamics No. 1 (Star-1)

The Star-1 is a humanoid robot developed through the Star Dynamics joint venture, in which Matrix Robotics holds 40% equity. Among Chinese humanoid robots, it stands out for its lifelike appearance: no exposed cables or joints are visible, and the overall finish has been compared to a golden version of [Tesla](/wiki/tesla)'s Optimus 2.5. The robot is built around natural-language communication rather than complex programmed instruction sets.[2][3]

Zhang Haixing has emphasized that Star Dynamics' humanoid architecture compresses the most core control code from hundreds of thousands of lines down to fewer than 3,000 lines, which the team argues improves system stability, reliability, and suitability for large-scale mass production. Star-1 mass production is planned for 2026.[3][8]

## Technology

### What is Matrix Robotics' Physical AI approach?

Matrix Robotics describes its philosophy, in CEO Zhang Haixing's words, as enabling robots "to integrate naturally and safely into human environments."[5] The company's approach is centered on Physical AI, where robots learn to interact with the physical world through perception, reasoning, and adaptive behavior rather than fully pre-programmed routines, with the WAVE model providing the cognitive core.[1][5][6]

The MATRIX-3 platform is presented as a transition point from robots that execute preset task scripts to systems that can understand and adapt to physical environments. Practically, this means a single platform should handle commercial services, manufacturing, logistics, medical assistance, and home tasks without a separate task-specific build for each one.[5][7]

### Design and engineering philosophy

Zhang has stated that mass production of humanoid robots requires hardware that is easy to produce, easy to maintain, and easy to optimize for different scenarios. This manufacturing-oriented design philosophy reflects his experience at [Tesla](/wiki/tesla), where systematic engineering and industrial collaboration speed are treated as competitive advantages. The company explicitly benchmarks itself against North American humanoid developers, including [Figure AI](/wiki/figure_ai), Tesla Optimus, and [1X Technologies](/wiki/1x_technologies).[3]

The design strategy also favors a soft, person-like exterior over a metallic exoskeleton look. This is partly an aesthetic decision and partly a safety one: the biomimetic skin both makes the robot less intimidating in shared spaces and serves as a sensing surface for unintended contact.[1][5]

### Biomimetic sensing

The distributed sensing network embedded in the MATRIX-3 flexible skin, combined with the high-sensitivity tactile arrays in the fingertips, creates a layered tactile perception system. This system enables the robot to detect both deliberate manipulation contact and unintended bumps or pressure, which improves safety and manipulation precision in environments shared with humans. The visual-tactile feedback loop adds a second perceptual channel, so the robot can cross-check what it sees with what it feels when grasping fragile or deformable objects.[5][6]

The sensing approach is closely tied to the company's view of physical intelligence: a robot that can adapt to a new task on the fly needs rich, real-time feedback about its own body, the object in its hand, and the surrounding environment, not just a high-level command from a planner.[5][7]

### Software and control code

For the Star Dynamics platform, Zhang has publicly stated that the team reduced core control code from the hundreds of thousands of lines typical in earlier humanoid stacks to fewer than 3,000 lines. The company argues that a smaller, more carefully designed control core is easier to verify, easier to maintain on the factory floor, and easier to ship in volume. This is consistent with the broader manufacturing-first orientation across the Matrix Robotics product family.[3]

## How will Matrix Robotics manufacture and commercialize its robots?

Matrix Robotics has commissioned the MFH Factory in the Zhangjiang district of Shanghai for end-to-end in-house production of its physical-intelligence robots, with large-scale manufacturing of the MATRIX-3 expected in the second half of 2026. The company states it can deliver 5,000 units in 2026 and targets an annual output of 100,000 units by 2027. The Star Dynamics joint venture adds further manufacturing capacity and capital from Hongrun Construction Group's industrial infrastructure, with Star-1 mass production also targeted for 2026.[3][5][10]

The MATRIX-3 Early Access Program, announced at the January 2026 launch, gives selected industry partners hands-on time with the platform before commercial pilots begin around mid-2026. Reported target sectors include commercial services, manufacturing, logistics, medical assistance, and home environments. Industry trackers list a $85,000 prototype price for MATRIX-3 and a $100,000 price for the earlier MATRIX-1, although Matrix Robotics has not formally confirmed retail pricing. Zhang has separately said the company aims to bring single-unit prices down to a publicly affordable level within two to three years.[3][4][5]

## Reception and positioning

Matrix Robotics has been covered by Chinese and international robotics media, including TMTPost, Yicai Global, Interesting Engineering, and Humanoid Robotics Technology, with most coverage focusing on the visually lifelike design of its robots, the biomimetic skin and fingertip tactile sensing on MATRIX-3, and the zero-shot generalization claims for the WAVE physical AI model. Independent product trackers such as Humanoid.guide and Aparobot also list MATRIX-3 and MATRIX-1 in their humanoid robot catalogs.[2][3][4][5][6]

The company sits inside the broader 2025 to 2026 wave of [Chinese](/wiki/china_ai) humanoid robotics activity, in which startups are pushing for mass-production-ready designs rather than purely research-grade demos. Matrix Robotics' distinguishing pitch is the combination of a soft, person-like body, a Tesla-derived industrial design lineage, and a control stack designed from the start for volume manufacturing through the Star Dynamics joint venture.[1][3][5]

## ELI5: Matrix Robotics in simple terms

Matrix Robotics is a company in Shanghai, China, that builds robots shaped like people. Instead of looking like a metal skeleton with wires sticking out, its robots are wrapped in a soft, stretchy "skin" that can feel a touch as light as a fingertip. Its main robot, MATRIX-3, is about as tall as an adult (1.7 m) and uses a computer brain called WAVE that lets it understand instructions in plain language and figure out new tasks on its own. The company was started by a designer who used to work at Tesla, and it wants to build thousands of these robots in a factory so that one day a robot could help out in a shop, a warehouse, a hospital, or a home.

## See also

- [Humanoid robots](/wiki/humanoid_robots)
- [Embodied AI](/wiki/embodied_ai)
- [MATRIX-1](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_1)
- [MATRIX-3](/wiki/matrix_robotics_matrix_3)
- [Tesla Optimus](/wiki/tesla_optimus_gen_3)
- [1X Technologies](/wiki/1x_technologies)
- [Figure AI](/wiki/figure_ai)
- [Humanoid robot market](/wiki/humanoid_robot_market)
- [Physical AI](/wiki/physical_ai)
- [China AI](/wiki/china_ai)

## References

1. [MATRIX-3 humanoid robot overview - Mike Kalil](https://mikekalil.com/blog/matrix-3-humanoid-robot/)
2. [China's Star Dynamics Unveils First Humanoid Robot, Co-Founded by Ex-Tesla China Design Head - TMTPOST](https://en.tmtpost.com/news/7748479)
3. [China's Star Dynamics Unveils First Humanoid Robot - Yicai Global](https://www.yicaiglobal.com/news/chinas-star-dynamics-unveils-first-humanoid-robot)
4. [Matrix-1 humanoid robot - Humanoid.guide](https://humanoid.guide/product/matrix-1/)
5. [Matrix Robotics Unveils MATRIX-3, Next-Generation Humanoid Robot with Advanced Physical AI - TMTPOST](https://en.tmtpost.com/post/7840778)
6. [China's new humanoid robot senses delicate touch with soft skin tech - Interesting Engineering](https://interestingengineering.com/ai-robotics/china-humanoid-robot-moves-human-style)
7. [Matrix Robotics Launches Third-Generation Humanoid Robot, MATRIX-3 - Humanoid Robotics Technology](https://humanoidroboticstechnology.com/industry-news/matrix-robotics-launches-third-generation-humanoid-robot-matrix-3/)
8. [Zhang Haixing, CEO - Star Dynamics mass production announcement - Webull News](https://www.webull.com/news/13792664259281920)
9. [MATRIX-3 Humanoid Robot - AI-Driven General Purpose Platform - Humanoid.guide](https://humanoid.guide/product/matrix-3/)
10. [Matrix Robotics Presents MATRIX-3 at BEYOND Expo Macao - The Manila Times (TMT Newswire)](https://www.manilatimes.net/2026/05/28/tmt-newswire/media-outreach-newswire/matrix-robotics-presents-matrix-3-at-beyond-expo-macao-a-stunning-showcase-of-chinas-top-tier-humanoid-robot-technology/2353477)