# Microsoft Copilot

> Source: https://aiwiki.ai/wiki/microsoft_copilot
> Updated: 2026-06-21
> Categories: AI Tools & Products, Conversational AI, Microsoft
> From AI Wiki (https://aiwiki.ai), a free encyclopedia of artificial intelligence. Quote with attribution.

Microsoft Copilot is the umbrella brand that Microsoft uses for its generative AI assistants and agents across consumer, developer, and enterprise products. It spans the consumer Copilot app, the Microsoft 365 Copilot productivity assistant, the Copilot Studio low-code agent builder, vertical products such as Security Copilot, and the Copilot+ PC hardware category, all of which share one brand and draw on models from [openai](/wiki/openai), Anthropic, and Microsoft's own MAI series.[^2][^3][^4] The name first appeared on [github copilot](/wiki/github_copilot), a code completion product launched in technical preview on 29 June 2021 and built on OpenAI Codex.[^1] As of April 2026, Microsoft reports more than 20 million paid Microsoft 365 Copilot seats, a 250 percent year-over-year increase in seat adds, with chief executive Satya Nadella telling investors that "weekly engagement is now at the same level as Outlook."[^6][^39]

## History

### GitHub Copilot and the origin of the name

The Copilot brand began at GitHub, a Microsoft subsidiary since 2018. On 29 June 2021 GitHub introduced GitHub Copilot as a technical preview for [openai codex](/wiki/openai_codex), an "AI pair programmer" that suggested whole lines and functions inside Visual Studio Code.[^1] The product was developed jointly with [openai](/wiki/openai) and trained on public source code together with natural language. GitHub made Copilot generally available on 21 June 2022, initially at $10 per user per month or $100 per year for individuals.[^7] The product became the namesake for the broader Copilot family.

### Bing Chat and the new Bing (February 2023)

On 7 February 2023 Microsoft introduced what it called "the new Bing," a reinvention of the [microsoft](/wiki/microsoft) search engine that embedded an OpenAI-based chat assistant directly in the search results page and in the Edge browser.[^8] The chat feature, branded Bing Chat, used a Microsoft model that the company called Prometheus, which was built on top of [gpt 4](/wiki/gpt_4) with retrieval, ranking, and safety layers added by Bing.[^8] Bing Chat opened in a limited waitlist, was opened to anyone with a Microsoft account in May 2023, and crossed one billion chats before the rebrand.[^2]

### Wave of vertical Copilots (March 2023)

Within weeks of Bing Chat's launch, Microsoft applied the Copilot brand across its product portfolio. On 6 March 2023 the company announced Dynamics 365 Copilot for CRM and ERP workloads.[^9] On 16 March 2023 it announced Microsoft 365 Copilot, an assistant for Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, Teams, and the Microsoft Graph that combined large language models with each tenant's own data.[^3] On 28 March 2023 it announced Security Copilot for security operations centers, the first vertical Copilot to combine [gpt 4](/wiki/gpt_4) with a security-specific model and Microsoft threat intelligence data.[^10]

### Copilot in Windows and brand unification (September to November 2023)

On 21 September 2023 Microsoft made the formal pivot from many product names to a single brand. At a New York City event the company announced Copilot in Windows, a sidebar assistant that began rolling out on 26 September 2023 as part of the Windows 11 23H2 update.[^4] The same announcement set 1 November 2023 as the general availability date for Microsoft 365 Copilot for enterprise customers with 300 or more seats, at $30 per user per month on top of an existing Microsoft 365 license.[^11] At the Ignite conference in mid-November 2023 Microsoft completed the rebrand. Bing Chat and Bing Chat Enterprise both became Microsoft Copilot, and the company also introduced Microsoft Copilot Studio, a low-code authoring environment built on the foundations of Power Virtual Agents that lets customers build their own copilots and plug-ins.[^12]

### Copilot Pro and Copilot for small business (January 2024)

On 15 January 2024 Microsoft made Copilot for Microsoft 365 available to businesses of any size, removed the 300 seat minimum, and launched Copilot Pro, a $20 per user per month subscription aimed at individuals who already pay for Microsoft 365 Personal or Family.[^13] Copilot Pro added priority access to the latest OpenAI model during peak hours, image generation through Designer, and Copilot inside the Microsoft 365 desktop applications.[^13]

### Copilot+ PCs and Copilot Workspace (April to May 2024)

GitHub announced GitHub Copilot Workspace in technical preview on 29 April 2024, framing it as a "Copilot-native developer environment" where developers move from issue to specification to plan to code inside a single workflow driven by Copilot agents.[^14] On 20 May 2024, at an event on the eve of the Build developer conference, Microsoft announced Copilot+ PC, a new hardware category that requires a Neural Processing Unit (NPU) capable of at least 40 trillion operations per second.[^15] The first Copilot+ PCs shipped on 18 June 2024, with launch silicon from Qualcomm's [snapdragon x](/wiki/snapdragon_x) Elite and Snapdragon X Plus platforms, partner devices from Acer, ASUS, Dell, HP, Lenovo, Samsung, and Microsoft's own Surface line, and a starting price of $999.[^15]

### Wave 2: Copilot Pages, Copilot Vision, Copilot Voice (September to October 2024)

On 16 September 2024 Microsoft announced Microsoft 365 Copilot Wave 2, with three centerpiece additions: Copilot Pages, a dynamic shared canvas for human and AI collaboration; Python in Excel through Copilot; and Copilot agents authored in Copilot Studio.[^16] On 1 October 2024 the company shipped a redesigned consumer Copilot with Copilot Voice, four real-time conversational voices that use GPT-4o's audio capabilities, and previewed Copilot Vision, a browser-based feature that lets Copilot see and discuss the contents of web pages with the user.[^17] Copilot Vision moved into public preview in the Edge browser on 5 December 2024.[^18]

### MAI models and reduced OpenAI dependence (2025)

In late August 2025 Microsoft AI, the consumer AI division led by Mustafa Suleyman, announced MAI-1-preview, described as the first foundation model trained end to end inside Microsoft.[^19] MAI-1-preview is a mixture-of-experts text model trained on roughly 15,000 NVIDIA H100 GPUs and was released for public evaluation on the LMArena leaderboard, where its initial snapshot placed it around 13th among text models.[^40] The company released MAI-1-preview alongside MAI-Voice-1, a real-time speech model, and began testing MAI-1-preview as a backing model for Copilot alongside continued use of [gpt 4o](/wiki/gpt_4o) and later OpenAI releases.[^19][^40]

### Anthropic models join Copilot (September to November 2025)

On 24 September 2025 Microsoft announced that Microsoft 365 Copilot would expand beyond OpenAI to add models from Anthropic, making Claude Sonnet 4 and Claude Opus 4.1 selectable for the Researcher agent and for building agents in Copilot Studio.[^41] Charles Lamanna, executive vice president of Copilot, agents, and platform, said the company is "committed to delivering model innovation at speed to empower every person with Microsoft 365 Copilot and transform every business process with agents."[^41] On 18 November 2025 Anthropic and Microsoft brought Claude Sonnet 4.5, Claude Haiku 4.5, and Claude Opus 4.1 to Microsoft Foundry in public preview, deepening the multi-model lineup.[^42] Anthropic became a Microsoft subprocessor on 6 January 2026, after which Claude models were enabled by default in Copilot Studio in most geographies, with admin opt-in still required in the EU, UK, and EFTA.[^43] Microsoft also added multi-model features to the Researcher agent, including Critique, in which one model leads drafting while a second reviews and refines the output, and Council, which runs a single prompt across several models for side-by-side comparison.[^42]

### Copilot for Mac, Copilot Actions, and 20 million seats (2025 to 2026)

On 27 February 2025 Microsoft shipped a native Copilot application for macOS through the Mac App Store, requiring macOS 14 and an Apple Silicon Mac.[^21] On 19 November 2024 the company added Copilot Actions and a library of pre-built agents to Microsoft 365 Copilot.[^22] On 29 April 2026 Microsoft chief executive Satya Nadella told investors that paid Microsoft 365 Copilot seats had passed 20 million, that seat adds had grown 250 percent year over year, and that the number of customers with more than 50,000 seats had quadrupled year over year, with weekly engagement comparable to Outlook.[^6][^39]

### New MAI models for a multi-model Copilot (April 2026)

On 2 April 2026 Microsoft AI released three additional in-house foundation models in Microsoft Foundry, framed by Suleyman's division as the foundation of a multi-model Copilot: MAI-Transcribe-1, MAI-Voice-1, and MAI-Image-2.[^20][^44] MAI-Transcribe-1 is a speech-to-text model covering the top 25 most-used languages that Microsoft says ranks first on the FLEURS benchmark in 11 core languages and runs batch transcription about 2.5 times faster than its prior Azure Fast offering.[^44] MAI-Voice-1 generates 60 seconds of audio in roughly one second, and MAI-Image-2 debuted as a top-three image model family on the Arena.ai leaderboard while generating images at least twice as fast as the previous version on Foundry and Copilot.[^44] Microsoft described the trio as offering "world-class quality at lightning speeds, now available at the most competitive prices."[^44]

## Product family

The Copilot umbrella covers products across at least four domains. The descriptions below cover the most prominent members of the family as of May 2026.

### Consumer Copilot

Consumer Copilot is the descendant of Bing Chat. It runs at copilot.microsoft.com, in the Edge browser, in dedicated apps for Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android, and as Copilot in Windows. The free tier offers chat, image generation through Designer, and access to popular OpenAI models with limits during peak hours. Copilot Pro at $20 per user per month removes those limits, adds priority access to newer models, and unlocks Copilot inside the desktop Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, and OneNote applications for users who already hold a Microsoft 365 Personal or Family subscription.[^13]

### Microsoft 365 Copilot

Microsoft 365 Copilot is the enterprise productivity assistant. It is sold at $30 per user per month as an add-on to a Microsoft 365 E3, E5, Business Standard, or Business Premium license.[^11] It integrates into Word for drafting, Excel for analysis (including Python in Excel), PowerPoint for slide generation, Outlook for email triage, and Teams for meeting recap and chat, and it grounds answers in the Microsoft Graph, the indexed view of an organization's mail, files, calendar, and chat data.[^3][^16] By late 2025 it could be powered by OpenAI models or by Anthropic's Claude inside the Researcher agent, giving administrators a choice of foundation model for deep multistep research.[^41] A separate, free Microsoft 365 Copilot Chat experience opens the chat interface and pay-as-you-go agents to any commercial Microsoft 365 user without requiring the per-seat license.[^23]

### Microsoft Copilot Studio

Microsoft Copilot Studio is the low-code platform for building agents and custom copilots. It was announced at Ignite 2023 as the successor to Power Virtual Agents, combines a graphical authoring canvas with generative orchestration, and supports both standalone agents and plug-ins that extend Microsoft 365 Copilot.[^12] By 2025 Copilot Studio supported multi-agent orchestration, integration with Microsoft Fabric data agents, and a model picker that includes GPT-5 Chat and Anthropic's Claude Sonnet 4.5 and Claude Opus 4.1 alongside other foundation models.[^24][^41]

### Vertical and role-based Copilots

Microsoft sells Copilot variants tailored to specific job roles and business functions. Microsoft 365 Copilot for Sales connects to Dynamics 365 Sales or Salesforce. Copilot for Service does the same for customer service workloads. Copilot for Finance assists with Excel-based finance work and ERP data. Dynamics 365 Copilot embeds generative features across the wider business application suite.[^25] Security Copilot, generally available since 1 April 2024, is sold separately to security operations teams and exposes Microsoft's security graph through a chat interface.[^26]

### GitHub Copilot

[github copilot](/wiki/github_copilot) remains a distinct product line owned by GitHub. It includes the core code completion product, GitHub Copilot Chat (released in 2023), GitHub Copilot Workspace (technical preview in April 2024), GitHub Copilot for Azure, and GitHub Copilot in the JetBrains, Eclipse, Xcode, Neovim, Visual Studio, and Visual Studio Code editors.[^14] Pricing starts at $10 per user per month for individuals and rises through Business and Enterprise tiers. GitHub Copilot uses several model backends, with selectable models from OpenAI, Anthropic, and Google in addition to GitHub's own fine-tuned variants.[^27]

### Copilot+ PCs

Copilot+ PC is a hardware brand rather than a Copilot product, but it sits inside the same brand family. To carry the Copilot+ badge a PC must include an NPU of at least 40 TOPS, 16 GB of unified memory, and 256 GB of storage. The first wave used Qualcomm [snapdragon x](/wiki/snapdragon_x) Elite and Snapdragon X Plus chips. Later Copilot+ PCs added Intel Lunar Lake and AMD Ryzen AI 300 series silicon. The badge entitles a machine to features that run on-device against the NPU, including Recall (a local screen history index), Cocreator (image generation in Paint and Photos), Live Captions with translation, and Windows Studio Effects.[^15]

## How does Microsoft Copilot work?

Microsoft Copilot is not a single model. It is an orchestration layer that picks among multiple foundation models, attaches retrieval and tools, applies safety and grounding filters, and returns responses in the calling application. The chief model sources have been:

* OpenAI's GPT family, beginning with [gpt 4](/wiki/gpt_4) for Bing Chat in February 2023, [gpt 4o](/wiki/gpt_4o) for Copilot Voice and Vision from October 2024, and subsequent OpenAI releases. Microsoft has been the exclusive cloud provider for OpenAI training and inference since the January 2023 extension of its partnership, which the company describes as a multi-year multi-billion dollar investment.[^2]
* Anthropic's Claude family, added to Microsoft 365 Copilot on 24 September 2025, powering the Researcher agent and agent building in Copilot Studio, with Claude Sonnet 4.5, Claude Haiku 4.5, and Claude Opus 4.1 available through Microsoft Foundry.[^41][^42]
* Microsoft's own Prometheus, an internal model on top of GPT-4 that adds Bing retrieval, ranking, and safety layers for chat over the web.[^8]
* Microsoft's MAI series, including MAI-1-preview (a mixture-of-experts text model trained on about 15,000 NVIDIA H100 GPUs) and MAI-Voice-1, announced in August 2025 by Microsoft AI under Mustafa Suleyman, with MAI-Transcribe-1, a second MAI-Voice-1, and MAI-Image-2 added on 2 April 2026.[^19][^40][^44]
* Specialist models for the vertical Copilots, including the Microsoft security model that pairs with GPT-4 inside Security Copilot and uses more than 65 trillion daily security signals.[^10]
* Selectable external models inside GitHub Copilot, which offers code completion and chat using OpenAI, Anthropic, and Google models alongside GitHub's own variants.[^27]

Across the family the architecture is similar: a user prompt is enriched with retrieved context (the Microsoft Graph for Microsoft 365 Copilot, the indexed web for consumer Copilot, the GitHub repository for GitHub Copilot, security telemetry for Security Copilot), passed to a chosen foundation model, and post-processed by Microsoft's responsible-AI filters before being returned. Plug-ins, agents, and tools built with Copilot Studio extend that loop with additional retrieval or with the ability to take action against line-of-business systems.[^12]

## How much does Microsoft Copilot cost?

The Copilot family covers a wide range of price points and licensing structures. Public list prices as of May 2026 include:

* Consumer Copilot: free at copilot.microsoft.com and in the Copilot apps for Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.[^4]
* Copilot Pro: $20 per user per month for individuals, with Copilot inside the desktop Office apps available to subscribers who also hold Microsoft 365 Personal or Family.[^13]
* Microsoft 365 Copilot: $30 per user per month as an add-on to an eligible commercial Microsoft 365 license.[^11]
* Microsoft 365 Copilot Chat: free to any Microsoft 365 commercial user, with pay-as-you-go billing for agents through Microsoft Cost Management.[^23]
* Copilot Studio: included with Microsoft 365 Copilot for authoring extensions, plus consumption-based "message" packs sold separately for standalone agents.[^12]
* GitHub Copilot: $10 per user per month for individuals (Copilot Individual), $19 per user per month for Copilot Business, and higher list prices for Copilot Enterprise, with student and open-source maintainer access available at no cost.[^27]
* Security Copilot: sold on a Security Compute Unit (SCU) basis priced per hour rather than per seat, allowing customers to dial capacity up or down by workload.[^26]
* Copilot+ PC: a hardware label that is paid for through the price of the PC itself; entry models start at $999.[^15]

## Reception and adoption

Microsoft Copilot is the AI brand with the largest paid enterprise install base. By April 2026 Microsoft chief executive Satya Nadella reported more than 20 million paid Microsoft 365 Copilot seats, a 250 percent year-over-year increase in seat adds, weekly user engagement comparable to Outlook, and named customer deployments at Accenture (more than 740,000 seats, which Nadella called "our largest Copilot win to date"), plus Bayer, Johnson and Johnson, Mercedes-Benz, and Roche each running more than 90,000 seats.[^6][^39] At its Ignite 2024 conference Microsoft reported that nearly 70 percent of the Fortune 500 had adopted Microsoft 365 Copilot.[^28] GitHub Copilot, the oldest product in the family, surpassed 400,000 paying subscribers within a month of general availability in 2022 and has continued to grow strongly through 2026.[^29]

Reception has been mixed on the consumer side. The original Bing Chat launch attracted attention for its long, emotionally erratic conversations during the first two weeks of February 2023, a problem Microsoft addressed by introducing a turn limit and revising the system prompt.[^30] The November 2023 rebrand to Copilot was generally welcomed for simplifying a confusing product portfolio, though critics noted that the umbrella term made it harder to know which specific product was being discussed in any given context.[^31] The May 2024 announcement of Recall, the on-device screen history feature for Copilot+ PCs, produced a sustained privacy and security backlash that led Microsoft to delay the feature, redesign it as opt-in, and require Windows Hello authentication and an encrypted local store before relaunching it for Windows Insiders in November 2024.[^32]

## How does Microsoft Copilot compare to other AI assistants?

Microsoft Copilot competes with several other major AI assistant brands. The table summarizes the most visible competitors as of May 2026.

| Product | Vendor | Primary model source | Free consumer tier | Paid consumer tier | Enterprise tier | Native integration |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Copilot | Microsoft | OpenAI GPT family, Anthropic Claude, plus [Microsoft MAI](/wiki/microsoft_mai) and Prometheus[^2][^19][^41] | Yes[^4] | $20 / mo (Copilot Pro)[^13] | $30 / user / mo (Microsoft 365 Copilot)[^11] | Windows, Office, Edge, Teams, Dynamics |
| [chatgpt](/wiki/chatgpt) | OpenAI | OpenAI GPT family[^33] | Yes | $20 / mo (Plus), $200 / mo (Pro) | ChatGPT Business / Enterprise (custom)[^33] | OpenAI apps, browser, third-party connectors |
| [claude](/wiki/claude) | Anthropic | Claude family | Yes | $20 / mo (Pro), $200 / mo (Max) | Claude Enterprise (custom)[^34] | Claude apps, Claude Code, partner integrations |
| [gemini](/wiki/gemini) | Google | Google Gemini family | Yes | $20 / mo (AI Pro), $250 / mo (AI Ultra) | Google Workspace with Gemini (per seat)[^35] | Chrome, Android, Google Workspace |
| [apple intelligence](/wiki/apple_intelligence) | Apple | Apple Foundation Models with optional ChatGPT extension | Free with eligible Apple devices | None | None | iOS, iPadOS, macOS[^36] |

Among the four assistant brands sold to individuals, Copilot and ChatGPT both cost $20 per month at the entry paid tier and both expose OpenAI models. The key differences are distribution and grounding: Copilot is wired into Windows and Microsoft 365 and grounds answers in tenant data via the Microsoft Graph, while ChatGPT is a standalone product with its own connector ecosystem. A further distinction since late 2025 is that Microsoft 365 Copilot can route work to Anthropic's Claude as well as OpenAI models, so a single Copilot deployment can mix [claude](/wiki/claude) and GPT behind one interface.[^41] [gemini](/wiki/gemini) shares the same shape inside Google Workspace, and Apple Intelligence operates only inside Apple operating systems and uses on-device models for most tasks. Industry comparisons in 2026 typically argue that Copilot is the strongest choice for organizations already standardized on Microsoft 365, ChatGPT for the largest community and most mature API, Claude for high-context and high-accuracy work, and Gemini for organizations on Google Workspace.[^31]

## Privacy and data governance

Microsoft has framed enterprise data protection as a core differentiator for Microsoft 365 Copilot. The company's published commitments state that prompts and responses from Microsoft 365 Copilot and Microsoft 365 Copilot Chat are processed inside the Microsoft 365 service boundary, are protected by the same contractual terms as customer email and SharePoint content, are not used to train the underlying foundation models, and inherit the tenant's existing identity, access, and compliance configuration.[^37][^38] Microsoft 365 Copilot honors permissions set in Microsoft Entra and SharePoint, applies Microsoft Purview sensitivity labels, supports eDiscovery and audit logging, and is certified against GDPR, ISO/IEC 27018, and the EU Data Boundary.[^37]

Privacy outcomes have been more contested on the consumer side. The Recall feature for Copilot+ PCs drew sustained criticism from security researchers and privacy advocates after its May 2024 announcement, with researcher Kevin Beaumont demonstrating that early builds stored screen contents in an unencrypted SQLite database and Signal president Meredith Whittaker calling the feature "a dangerous honeypot for hackers."[^32] Microsoft delayed Recall, made it opt-in during Windows setup, encrypted the local store, and required Windows Hello authentication for retrieval before re-releasing it to Copilot+ PCs in November 2024.[^32] The episode is often cited as the most prominent privacy controversy in the Copilot family.

## See also

- [Poe (platform)](/wiki/poe_ai_platform)
* [github copilot](/wiki/github_copilot)
* [microsoft 365 copilot](/wiki/microsoft_365_copilot)
* [openai](/wiki/openai)
* [gpt 4](/wiki/gpt_4)
* [gpt 4o](/wiki/gpt_4o)
* [chatgpt](/wiki/chatgpt)
* [claude](/wiki/claude)
* [gemini](/wiki/gemini)
* [apple intelligence](/wiki/apple_intelligence)
* [snapdragon x](/wiki/snapdragon_x)
* [microsoft](/wiki/microsoft)
* [mustafa suleyman](/wiki/mustafa_suleyman)
* [dall e 3](/wiki/dall_e_3)
* [openai codex](/wiki/openai_codex)

## References

[^1]: Friedman, Nat, "Introducing GitHub Copilot: your AI pair programmer", The GitHub Blog, 2021-06-29. https://github.blog/news-insights/product-news/introducing-github-copilot-ai-pair-programmer/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^2]: Mehdi, Yusuf, "Reinventing search with a new AI-powered Microsoft Bing and Edge, your copilot for the web", Microsoft Blog, 2023-02-07. https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2023/02/07/reinventing-search-with-a-new-ai-powered-microsoft-bing-and-edge-your-copilot-for-the-web/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^3]: Spataro, Jared, "Introducing Microsoft 365 Copilot, your copilot for work", Microsoft Blog, 2023-03-16. https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2023/03/16/introducing-microsoft-365-copilot-your-copilot-for-work/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^4]: Mehdi, Yusuf, "Announcing Microsoft Copilot, your everyday AI companion", Microsoft Blog, 2023-09-21. https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2023/09/21/announcing-microsoft-copilot-your-everyday-ai-companion/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^5]: Microsoft, "Microsoft 365 Copilot pricing", Microsoft, 2026. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365-copilot/pricing. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^6]: Bass, Dina, "Microsoft says it has over 20M paid Copilot users, and they really are using it", TechCrunch, 2026-04-29. https://techcrunch.com/2026/04/29/microsoft-says-it-has-over-20m-paid-copilot-users-and-they-really-are-using-it/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^7]: Dohmke, Thomas, "GitHub Copilot is generally available to all developers", The GitHub Blog, 2022-06-21. https://github.blog/news-insights/product-news/github-copilot-is-generally-available-to-all-developers/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^8]: Mehdi, Yusuf, "Confirmed: the new Bing runs on OpenAI's GPT-4", Bing Blog, 2023-03-14. https://blogs.bing.com/search/march_2023/Confirmed-the-new-Bing-runs-on-OpenAI%E2%80%99s-GPT-4. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^9]: Lamanna, Charles, "Introducing Microsoft Dynamics 365 Copilot", Microsoft Blog, 2023-03-06. https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2023/03/06/introducing-microsoft-dynamics-365-copilot/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^10]: Jakkal, Vasu, "Introducing Microsoft Security Copilot: Empowering defenders at the speed of AI", Microsoft Blog, 2023-03-28. https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2023/03/28/introducing-microsoft-security-copilot-empowering-defenders-at-the-speed-of-ai/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^11]: Spataro, Jared, "Announcing Microsoft 365 Copilot general availability and Microsoft 365 Chat", Microsoft 365 Blog, 2023-09-21. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/blog/2023/09/21/announcing-microsoft-365-copilot-general-availability-and-microsoft-365-chat/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^12]: Lamanna, Charles, "Introducing Microsoft Copilot Studio and new features in Copilot for Microsoft 365", Microsoft 365 Blog, 2023-11-15. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/blog/2023/11/15/introducing-microsoft-copilot-studio-and-new-features-in-copilot-for-microsoft-365/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^13]: Spataro, Jared, "Bringing the full power of Copilot to more people and businesses", Microsoft 365 Blog, 2024-01-15. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/blog/2024/01/15/bringing-the-full-power-of-copilot-to-more-people-and-businesses/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^14]: Dohmke, Thomas, "GitHub Copilot Workspace: Welcome to the Copilot-native developer environment", The GitHub Blog, 2024-04-29. https://github.blog/news-insights/product-news/github-copilot-workspace/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^15]: Mehdi, Yusuf, "Introducing Copilot+ PCs", Microsoft Blog, 2024-05-20. https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2024/05/20/introducing-copilot-pcs/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^16]: Spataro, Jared, "Microsoft 365 Copilot Wave 2: Pages, Python in Excel, and agents", Microsoft 365 Blog, 2024-09-16. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/blog/2024/09/16/microsoft-365-copilot-wave-2-pages-python-in-excel-and-agents/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^17]: Suleyman, Mustafa, "An AI companion for everyone", Microsoft Source, 2024-10-01. https://news.microsoft.com/source/features/ai/an-ai-companion-for-everyone/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^18]: Mehdi, Yusuf, "Copilot Vision now in preview, a new way to browse", Microsoft Copilot Blog, 2024-12-05. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-copilot/blog/2024/12/05/copilot-vision-now-in-preview-a-new-way-to-browse/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^19]: Field, Hayden, "Microsoft tests MAI-1-preview AI model to boost Copilot, rival OpenAI", CNBC, 2025-08-28. https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/28/microsoft-tests-mai-1-preview-ai-model-boost-to-copilot-rival-openai.html. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^20]: Wiggers, Kyle, "Microsoft takes on AI rivals with three new foundational models", TechCrunch, 2026-04-02. https://techcrunch.com/2026/04/02/microsoft-takes-on-ai-rivals-with-three-new-foundational-models/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^21]: Hardwick, Tim, "Microsoft Launches Copilot App for Mac", MacRumors, 2025-02-27. https://www.macrumors.com/2025/02/27/microsoft-launches-copilot-app-for-mac/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^22]: Spataro, Jared, "Introducing Microsoft Copilot actions, new agents, and tools to empower IT teams", Microsoft 365 Blog, 2024-11-19. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/blog/2024/11/19/introducing-copilot-actions-new-agents-and-tools-to-empower-it-teams/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^23]: Microsoft, "Overview of Microsoft 365 Copilot Chat", Microsoft Learn, 2026. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/copilot/overview. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^24]: Microsoft, "What's New in Copilot Studio: November 2025 Updates and Features", Microsoft Copilot Blog, 2025-11. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-copilot/blog/copilot-studio/whats-new-in-microsoft-copilot-studio-november-2025/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^25]: Microsoft, "Microsoft Dynamics 365 and Microsoft Copilot for business functions 2024 release wave 2 plan", Microsoft Learn, 2024. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dynamics365/release-plan/2024wave2/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^26]: Jakkal, Vasu, "Microsoft Copilot for Security is generally available on April 1, 2024 with new capabilities", Microsoft Security Blog, 2024-03-13. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2024/03/13/microsoft-copilot-for-security-is-generally-available-on-april-1-2024-with-new-capabilities/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^27]: GitHub, "GitHub Copilot pricing and plans", GitHub, 2026. https://github.com/features/copilot/plans. Accessed 2026-05-26.

[^28]: Microsoft, "Ignite 2024: Why nearly 70% of the Fortune 500 now use Microsoft 365 Copilot", Microsoft News Center, 2024-11-20. https://news.microsoft.com/en-hk/2024/11/20/ignite-2024-why-nearly-70-of-the-fortune-500-now-use-microsoft-365-copilot/. Accessed 2026-05-26.

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[^30]: Roose, Kevin, "A Conversation With Bing's Chatbot Left Me Deeply Unsettled", The New York Times, 2023-02-16. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/16/technology/bing-chatbot-microsoft-chatgpt.html. Accessed 2026-05-26.

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