Counterfactual Fairness
Counterfactual fairness is a formal definition of algorithmic fairness rooted in causal inference: a prediction is counterfactually fair toward an individual if it would remain unchanged in a counterfactual…
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Differential privacy
Differential privacy is a mathematical definition of privacy that guarantees the output of an analysis is essentially unchanged whether or not any single individual's record is included in the input
Experimenter's Bias
Experimenter's bias (also called the observer-expectancy effect, experimenter expectancy effect, or experimenter effect) is a type of cognitive bias in which a researcher's expectations or beliefs about the…
Sampling Bias
Sampling bias is a systematic error in statistics and machine learning that occurs when a sample is collected so that some members of the intended population have a higher or lower probability of being…
Selection Bias
Selection bias is a systematic error that occurs when the data used for analysis, training, or evaluation does not accurately represent the population or domain it is intended to describe