Cloud TPU
Cloud TPU is Google Cloud's offering of Tensor Processing Units (TPUs), the family of custom application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) that Google builds to accelerate machine learning training and…
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FLOPS
FLOPS (floating-point operations per second, also written FLOP/s) is a measure of computing speed: the number of arithmetic operations on floating-point numbers that a processor, accelerator or supercomputer…
GPU computing
GPU computing is the use of a graphics processing unit (GPU) to perform general-purpose computation that was traditionally handled by the central processing unit (CPU).
MLPerf
MLPerf is the AI industry's standard suite of benchmarks for measuring how fast machine learning systems train and run models, developed and maintained by MLCommons
Microscaling formats
Microscaling (MX) formats are a family of low-precision number formats for machine learning in which a small block of values, normally 32 of them, shares one common scale factor while each value is stored in a…
NVFP4
NVFP4 (NVIDIA FP4) is a 4-bit floating-point number format introduced by Nvidia with the Blackwell GPU architecture.
TPU Pod
A TPU Pod is a single Google supercomputer built from many Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) chips wired directly to each other by a high-speed Inter-Chip Interconnect (ICI) fabric arranged as a 2D or 3D torus, so…
Training compute
Training compute is the total number of floating-point operations (FLOP) performed to train a machine learning model, normally counted over the forward and backward passes of the final training run.