Thursday, July 23, 2026
- Positive classv5See also: Machine learning terms In binary classification, the positive class is the class a model is testing for: the outcome it exists to detect, such as...
- Post-trainingv7Post-training is the stage of large language model (LLM) development that comes after pre-training and turns a raw, general-purpose base model into an aligned,...
- AI in politicsv3Artificial intelligence has become an established part of modern political work, used by campaigns, governments, journalists, and ordinary citizens. Its...
- Podcastsv4AI podcasts are audio shows about artificial intelligence: long form research interviews, daily news roundups, and conversations with the founders, scientists,...
- Precisionv9See also: Machine learning terms Precision is a classification metric defined as the fraction of positive predictions that are correct: Precision = TP / (TP +...
- PowerPoint Presentation Maker by SlidesGPTv6--- Information PowerPoint Presentation Maker by SlidesGPT Platform GPT Store Model Writing Description slidesgpt.com OpenAI URL 17,000 ...
- PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Modelv5PaLM-E (short for Pathways Language Model, Embodied) is an embodied multimodal large language model introduced by Google and TU Berlin in March 2023 that...
- Overfittingv9See also: Machine learning terms Overfitting is when a machine learning model fits its training set so closely that it learns the noise and quirks of those...
- Output Layerv11See also: neural network, activation function, loss function, hidden layer, softmax, backpropagation The output layer is the final layer of a neural network:...
- Paper2Videov6Paper2Video (full title: Paper2Video: Automatic Video Generation from Scientific Papers) is a research project from Show Lab at the National University of...
- Parameterv6In machine learning and statistics, a parameter is an internal variable of a model whose value is learned from data during the training process.[1] Parameters...
- Papersv6The most influential AI research papers are the small set of publications that introduced the architectures, training methods, and benchmarks that every modern...
- Out-of-bag evaluation (OOB evaluation)v7See also: Machine learning terms, Bagging, Random forest, Cross-validation Out-of-bag (OOB) evaluation, sometimes called out-of-bag estimation or OOB error, is...
- Out-Group Homogeneity Biasv6Out-group homogeneity bias, also called the out-group homogeneity effect, is the cognitive bias in which people perceive members of an out-group as more...
- Oversamplingv6Oversampling is a data preprocessing technique in machine learning that fixes class imbalance by increasing the number of minority class examples in the...
- Partial derivativev7See also: Machine learning terms A partial derivative measures how a multivariable function changes when one of its inputs is varied while every other input is...
- Partitioning strategyv4See also: Data parallelism, Model parallelism, Pipeline parallelism, Tensor parallelism, Distributed training A partitioning strategy in distributed deep...
- Participation Biasv5Participation bias is a systematic error that arises when the individuals who choose to take part in a study, survey, or data collection effort differ in...
- Parameter Server (PS)v6See also: Distributed training, Machine learning systems The Parameter Server (PS) is a distributed system architecture for training large machine learning...
- Perceptronv7See also: Machine learning terms A perceptron is the earliest trainable artificial neural network: a single-layer linear model that classifies inputs into two...
- Outlier Detectionv7Outlier detection is the process of identifying data points, observations, or patterns that deviate so markedly from the rest of a dataset that they are likely...
- Permutation variable importancesv5See also: Variable importances, Feature engineering, Machine learning terms Permutation variable importance is a model-agnostic technique that measures how...
- Performancev4See also: Machine learning terms Performance in machine learning is an overloaded word. It refers to two related but distinct ideas. The first is the quality...
- Pandasv6See also: Machine learning terms, Data analysis, NumPy Pandas is an open-source data analysis and manipulation library for the Python programming language,...
- Parameter updatev6See also: Machine learning terms A parameter update is the step in neural-network training where a model's trainable weights are adjusted using the gradient of...
- OpenAIv20Public Benefit Corporation (OpenAI Group, formerly OpenAI Global LLC); Non-profit foundation (OpenAI Foundation) Industry December 11, 2015 Founders ...
- Objectivev8See also: Machine learning terms In machine learning, an objective (or objective function) is the scalar function that a learning algorithm optimizes during...
- Organizationsv6See also: Terms, Models, Applications, Companies and Non-profit Organizations Organizations that build, fund, govern, and study artificial intelligence span...
- Objective functionv6See also: Machine learning terms An objective function is the single scalar-valued quantity that an optimization algorithm tries to minimize or maximize during...
- One-Shot Learningv6One-shot learning is a machine learning approach in which a model learns to recognize or classify new categories from only a single labeled example per class....
- OpenMulev4An open-source, decentralized marketplace for AI and physical automation agent services. Abbreviation vibe-coded-marketplace (February 25, 2026) Authors ...
- Oblique conditionv5See also: Machine learning terms An oblique condition is a decision tree split test that involves more than one feature, comparing a linear combination of...
- OpenAI Pulsev4ChatGPT Pulse is a proactive personalized briefing feature within ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence chatbot developed by OpenAI. Launched in preview on...
- Online learningv7See also: Machine learning terms Online learning is a machine learning paradigm in which a model receives data sequentially, one example or one mini-batch at a...
- OCR Modelsv7OCR Models are artificial intelligence (AI) systems that convert images of typed, handwritten, or printed text into machine-readable digital text through...
- One-vs.-allv6See also: Machine learning terms One-vs.-all (OvA), also known as one-vs.-rest (OvR) or one-against-all, is a strategy for turning a multi-class classification...
- Offlinev5See also: Machine learning terms In machine learning, offline describes operations that happen ahead of time on a fixed dataset rather than continuously on...
- Numerical Datav6See also: Categorical data, Feature engineering, Data preprocessing Numerical data (also called quantitative data) is information expressed as numbers on a...
- Operation (op)v8See also: Machine learning terms In machine learning, an operation (often abbreviated as op) is a basic computational unit that manipulates data, typically...
- OpenRouterv10OpenRouter is a unified API gateway and marketplace that routes a single, OpenAI-compatible request across more than 400 large language models (LLMs) and other...
- Ollamav11Ollama is a free, open-source runtime for downloading, running, and managing open-weight large language models (LLMs) locally on personal computers and...
- Optimizerv8An optimizer in machine learning is an algorithm that iteratively adjusts a model's learnable parameters to minimize (or maximize) an objective function,...
- One-Hot Encodingv8See also: Machine learning terms One-hot encoding is a data preprocessing technique that converts a categorical variable with distinct categories into ...
- Offline inferencev7See also: online inference, static inference, dynamic inference, inference, machine learning terms Offline inference (also called batch inference, static...
- Non-binary conditionv4See also: Machine learning terms In decision tree learning, a non-binary condition is a test at a node that has more than two possible outcomes, routing each...
- Negative classv6See also: Machine learning terms In binary classification, the negative class is the outcome the model treats as the default or "no" result: the label assigned...
- Neural Networkv11A neural network (also called an artificial neural network or ANN) is a computational model, loosely inspired by the networks of biological neurons in animal...
- News ChatGPT Pluginsv4News ChatGPT plugins were a category of third-party tools that connected ChatGPT to live news feeds, breaking headlines, regional outlets, and topic-specific...
- Natural Language Understandingv8See also: Machine learning terms, Natural language processing, Sentiment analysis Natural language understanding (NLU) is the branch of artificial intelligence...
- Node (neural network)v8See also: Machine learning terms A node in a neural network is the basic computational element, an artificial neuron, that receives one or more inputs,...
- Novelty Detectionv6Novelty detection is a branch of machine learning concerned with identifying test data that differ in some meaningful way from the data available during...
- Non-Response Biasv5Non-response bias is the error that arises when the people or units that do not respond to a survey, study, or data collection process differ systematically...
- Normalizationv7See also: Machine learning terms Normalization is the process of scaling numerical data to a standard range or distribution so that features and activations...
- Natural language processingv5Natural language processing (NLP) is the branch of artificial intelligence that enables computers to read, understand, generate, and respond to human language...
- Nonstationarityv6Nonstationarity refers to the condition in which the statistical properties of a data-generating process change over time. In a stationary process, quantities...
- Noisev6Noise in machine learning is any unwanted, irrelevant, or random variation in data that obscures the true underlying patterns a model is trying to learn. It is...
- NumPyv7See also: Machine learning terms, pandas, scikit-learn NumPy (short for Numerical Python) is the foundational open-source library for numerical and scientific...
- Node (TensorFlow graph)v5See also: Machine learning terms, TensorFlow, Computational graph, Tensor A node in a TensorFlow graph is a single unit of computation, such as a matrix...
- AI in journalismv4AI in journalism refers to the use of artificial intelligence, and especially machine learning and generative AI, in the gathering, production, distribution...
- Neural Codec Language Models are Zero-Shot Text to Speech Synthesizers (VALL-E)v6See also: Papers, Text-to-Speech, Microsoft Research VALL-E is a zero-shot learning text-to-speech (TTS) system from Microsoft Research that clones a target...
- Nonlinearv7See also: Machine learning terms Nonlinear describes any function, model, or relationship that does not satisfy the property of linearity. In machine learning...
- Non-profit Organizationsv4Non-profit organizations active in artificial intelligence are mission-driven entities that conduct research, set standards, advocate for policy, and provide...
- Node (decision tree)v4See also: Machine learning terms A node is the basic building block of a decision tree: it is a single point in the tree that is either a condition (an...
- Neuronv4See also: Machine learning terms, Neural network, Perceptron A neuron (also called a node or unit) is the fundamental computational element of an artificial...
- NaN Trapv9See also: gradient descent, backpropagation, loss function, mixed precision training, numerical stability A NaN trap (short for "Not a Number" trap) is a...
- Multimodal Modelv5See also: Machine learning terms, Large language model, Computer vision A multimodal model is an artificial intelligence system that processes, relates, and...
- Multi-Class Logistic Regressionv6See also: Machine learning terms, Logistic regression, Classification Multi-class logistic regression, also known as multinomial logistic regression, softmax...
- N-gramv6See also: Machine learning terms An n-gram is a contiguous sequence of n items extracted from a given sample of text or speech, where the items can be...
- Multinomial regressionv5See also: Machine learning terms Multinomial regression is a statistical model that predicts which one of K possible categories an observation belongs to,...
- Multi-Class Classificationv6See also: Machine learning terms Multi-class classification is a supervised learning task in machine learning that assigns each input to exactly one of three...
- Multinomial classificationv5See also: Machine learning terms Multinomial classification, also called multiclass or multi-class classification, is the supervised learning task of assigning...
- Nvidiav13--- Public company (Nasdaq: NVDA) Industry April 5, 1993 Founders Santa Clara, California, US Key people Data center GPUs (Hopper, Blackwell,...
- NVIDIA Omniversev11NVIDIA Omniverse is a scalable, multi-GPU real-time 3D graphics collaboration and simulation platform developed by NVIDIA for building and operating industrial...
- Music ChatGPT Pluginsv4Music ChatGPT plugins were a category of third-party extensions for ChatGPT that let the chatbot generate streaming playlists, recommend and surface songs,...
- Musicv4See also: Music ChatGPT Plugins AI in music is the use of artificial intelligence, especially machine learning and generative AI, to compose, perform, mix,...
- NVIDIA Picassov5See also: Model Deployment and artificial intelligence applications See also: Image generation, Video generation, and 3D generation NVIDIA Picasso is a...
- Multi-Head Self-Attentionv8Multi-head self-attention is the core sequence-mixing mechanism of the Transformer architecture: it runs several scaled dot-product attention operations...
- NLUv8Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is the subfield of artificial intelligence and natural language processing that turns unstructured human language into...
- Multi-head Latent Attentionv7Multi-head Latent Attention (MLA) is an attention mechanism for transformer models that achieves a 93.3% reduction in key-value cache size while maintaining or...
- Moonshot AIv10Private company Industry March 2023 Founders 13th Floor, Building 1, JD Technology Building No. 76 Zhichun Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China Key...
- NVIDIA Blackwellv15NVIDIA Blackwell is the data center and consumer GPU architecture NVIDIA unveiled on March 18, 2024 to power trillion-parameter AI, built from two...
- NVIDIA DGX Sparkv6NVIDIA DGX Spark is a compact, deskside AI development system, marketed by NVIDIA as a "personal AI supercomputer," that puts a Grace Blackwell superchip on a...
- Meta AIv13See also: Terms and Artificial intelligence terms Meta AI is the artificial intelligence assistant and AI division of Meta Platforms, reaching 1 billion...
- Meta Promptingv5See also: artificial intelligence terms Meta prompting (also spelled meta-prompting) is an advanced prompt engineering technique where large language models...
- Mistral AIv10--- Private company (Mistral AI SAS) Industry April 28, 2023 Founders Paris, France Key people Open and proprietary LLMs (Mistral, Mixtral,...
- Model trainingv5See also: Machine learning terms Model training is the process of fitting a machine learning model's parameters to data so that it makes accurate predictions...
- Mini-batchv5See also: Machine learning terms A mini-batch is a small, randomly sampled subset of the training dataset used to compute a single update to a model's...
- Microsoft 365 Copilotv9See also: Artificial Intelligence Applications, Large Language Models, GPT-4, and OpenAI Microsoft 365 Copilot is an artificial intelligence assistant...
- Midjourneyv8Midjourney is an artificial intelligence image generation service and independent research lab headquartered in San Francisco, California, that turns natural...
- MiniMaxv9Public (HKEX: 100) Industry December 2021 Founders Shanghai, China Key people Shanghai Xiyu Jizhi Technology Co., Ltd. Listing entity Talkie Hailuo...
- Metrics API (tf.metrics)v4See also: Machine learning terms The Metrics API in TensorFlow is a collection of classes and utilities for computing evaluation scores that summarize how well...
- Minimum Viable Agentv4See also: Artificial intelligence terms A Minimum Viable Agent (MVA) is the simplest valid implementation of an AI agent: a program in which a large language...
- Model Parallelismv9See also: Machine learning terms, Data parallelism, GPU computing, Deep learning Model parallelism is a distributed training and inference technique that...
- Meta-Learningv10See also: Machine learning terms, Few-shot learning, Transfer learning Meta-learning, often called "learning to learn", is a branch of machine learning in...
- Momentumv7See also: Machine learning terms, Optimizer, Gradient descent Momentum is an optimization technique that accelerates gradient descent by accumulating an...
- MidJourney Prompt Generatorv5MidJourney Prompt Generator is a generic category name that refers to the broad class of tools, custom GPTs, and prompt templates that help users compose...
- Microsoft Copilotv8Microsoft Copilot is the umbrella brand that Microsoft uses for its generative AI assistants and agents across consumer, developer, and enterprise products. It...
- Minimax Lossv5Minimax loss is a loss function rooted in game theory and decision theory that measures the worst-case performance of a strategy, algorithm, or model. In...
- Minority classv6In an imbalanced classification problem, the minority class is the class label with far fewer training examples than the others, and it is almost always the...
- Mini-batch stochastic gradient descentv5See also: Machine learning terms Mini-batch stochastic gradient descent (often shortened to mini-batch SGD or MB-SGD) is the optimization algorithm used to...
