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| Developer | DEEP Robotics |
| Type | Humanoid robot |
| Generation | 2nd (successor to DR01) |
| Unveiled | October 9, 2025 |
| Height | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) |
| Weight | 65 kg (143 lb) |
| Degrees of Freedom | 31 |
| Battery Life | 6 to 8 hours |
| Walking Speed | 1.5 m/s (5.4 km/h) |
| Max Speed | 4 m/s (14.4 km/h) |
| Payload | 20 kg total; 10 kg per arm |
| Computing Power | 275 TOPS (NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin) |
| IP Rating | IP66 (full-body) |
| Operating Temperature | -20 °C to +55 °C |
| Sensors | 3 depth cameras, 1 wide-angle camera, LiDAR |
| Actuators | Fully sealed electric servo actuators |
| Price | ~$200,000 (estimated) |
| Website | deeprobotics.cn |
The DEEP Robotics DR02 is a second-generation humanoid robot developed by DEEP Robotics, a Chinese robotics company headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Unveiled on October 9, 2025, the DR02 is marketed as the world's first humanoid robot to achieve a full-body IP66 waterproof and dustproof protection rating, enabling operation in rain, dust, and temperature extremes ranging from -20 °C to +55 °C. The robot succeeds the company's first humanoid prototype, the DR01, which was introduced at the 2024 World Robot Conference in Beijing.
Standing 175 cm tall and weighing 65 kg, the DR02 features 31 degrees of freedom, a modular quick-detach design for rapid maintenance, and 275 TOPS of onboard computing power provided by an NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin processor. It is designed for industrial applications including security patrols, logistics, factory automation, and outdoor inspection in environments where conventional humanoid robots cannot operate due to weather and environmental constraints.
DEEP Robotics (formally Hangzhou Yunshenchu Technology Co., Ltd.) was founded on November 29, 2017, by Zhu Qiuguo and Li Chao, both doctoral graduates of Zhejiang University. Zhu, born in 1982, had worked as an associate professor and PhD adviser at Zhejiang University, where he developed a passion for robotics as an undergraduate through participation in ZJUDancer, a student team that built small humanoid soccer robots for the RoboCup competition. He decided to launch his own company after observing the progress of Boston Dynamics in legged locomotion.[1][2]
Within months of its founding, DEEP Robotics launched the first generation of its Jueying quadruped robot, named after a legendary horse ridden by Cao Cao during China's Three Kingdoms period. The company subsequently built a lineup of quadruped robots that established it as one of China's leading legged robotics firms. By 2025, the company reported approximately 85% market share in power industry inspection applications and over 90% share in firefighting robotics within China, with an overall market share exceeding 80% across legged robot application scenarios in 44 countries.[3]
Before entering the humanoid robot market, DEEP Robotics built its reputation through several generations of quadruped (four-legged) robots. This quadruped heritage directly informed the locomotion control, actuator design, and environmental hardening that would later be incorporated into the DR01 and DR02 humanoid platforms.
| Product | Year | Type | Key Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jueying (1st gen) | 2017 | Quadruped | First product; named after Cao Cao's horse |
| Jueying X20 | 2021 | Industrial quadruped | IP66 rated; 85 kg payload; -20 °C to 55 °C; 20 cm obstacle clearance |
| Lite3 | 2023 | Research quadruped | 12.2 to 13.5 kg; front flips; ROS1/ROS2 support; open SDK |
| Jueying X30 | 2023 | Industrial quadruped | IP67 rated; 45-degree stair climbing; power tunnel inspection |
| Lynx M20 | 2024 | Wheel-leg hybrid | Wheeled feet for dual-mode locomotion; 50-degree slopes; $17,999 |
| DR01 | 2024 | Humanoid | First humanoid; 12 DOF; 1.7 m tall |
| DR02 | 2025 | Humanoid | IP66 full-body; 31 DOF; 175 cm; all-weather capable |
The Jueying X20, launched in August 2021, was particularly significant because it was China's first industrial-grade IP66 waterproof quadruped robot. It could carry payloads up to 85 kg, operate for over two hours under load, and traverse grass, sand, snow, gravel, and standing water. The X20 was deployed in earthquake disaster relief drills, hazardous environment detection, and post-disaster search and rescue scenarios, equipped with long-distance communication systems, bi-spectrum PTZ cameras, gas sensing equipment, and omnidirectional cameras.[4]
The Jueying X30, introduced in October 2023, pushed environmental tolerance further with an IP67 rating and the ability to climb industrial stairs at 45-degree angles. In January 2025, Singapore Power Group deployed an X30 for autonomous power tunnel inspections, completing full-station inspections in under 35 minutes compared to over an hour for human patrols, while reducing operational costs by approximately 70%.[5]
The Lite3, launched in March 2023, targeted the education and research market. Weighing between 12.2 and 13.5 kg, the Lite3 could perform front flips, horizontal jumps, and high jumps, demonstrating advanced dynamic locomotion control. It supported both ROS1 (Noetic) and ROS2 (Foxy), provided an open SDK, and was adopted by institutions including University College London and the University of Edinburgh for quadruped locomotion research.[6]
The Lynx M20, unveiled in November 2024, represented a hybrid approach. It combined wheeled feet with quadruped legs, allowing it to switch between walking and rolling depending on terrain. This wheel-leg hybrid design enabled it to climb 22 cm steps, tackle 50-degree slopes, and reach higher speeds on flat terrain than pure-legged robots. Priced at $17,999 with IP54 protection and hot-swappable batteries, the Lynx targeted search and rescue, field inspection, and exploration applications.[7]
DEEP Robotics has raised approximately $140 million in total funding across four rounds from more than 20 investors.
| Round | Date | Amount | Notable Investors |
|---|---|---|---|
| Earlier rounds | 2022 and before | Undisclosed | Various |
| Series C | December 2025 | China Merchants Bank International, China Asset Management, China Telecom, China Unicom, Yunhui Capital, Zhejiang University Education Foundation |
The Series C round, completed in December 2025, valued the company at approximately 8 billion yuan ($1.1 billion), establishing DEEP Robotics as a unicorn. The company's 2024 revenue surged over 100% compared to 2023, and leadership projected 10,000-unit robot shipments for 2025. In December 2025, the company began IPO tutoring with China Securities Co. Ltd., targeting a mainland Chinese stock exchange listing with review completion expected between April and June 2026.[8][9]
Clients and partners of DEEP Robotics include Lenovo, Eastern Green Power, SUPCON, Baosteel, Takenaka Corporation, University College London, and the University of Edinburgh.[1]
The DR01 was DEEP Robotics' first humanoid robot, unveiled at the 2024 World Robot Conference held August 21 to 25 in Beijing. The conference attracted over 400 industry experts and featured more than 160 domestic and international robotics firms exhibiting over 60 new products, including 27 Chinese-designed humanoid robots. The DR01 marked the company's expansion from quadruped platforms into bipedal humanoid form factors.[10]
The DR01 stood 1.7 meters tall and weighed approximately 80 kg, featuring 12 degrees of freedom powered by DEEP Robotics' proprietary lightweight J60 joints and high-power J100 joints. These actuators provided high torque and flexibility, enabling smooth and stable bipedal locomotion. The robot achieved a walking speed exceeding 1.6 m/s and could navigate steps up to 18 cm in height, slopes up to 25 degrees, and uneven terrain.[11]
At its World Robot Conference demonstration, the DR01 climbed stairs, walked over steel bars, and maintained balance after being pushed, pulled, and struck from behind. The robot used a "fusion perception" learning algorithm that combined proprioceptive data (the robot's own body state) with environmental perception data to achieve stable traversal of complex and discontinuous terrain. Maximum payload capacity was 15 kg.[10][11]
The DR01 represented an early-stage platform focused on demonstrating that DEEP Robotics' quadruped locomotion expertise could transfer to bipedal form factors. With only 12 degrees of freedom, it lacked upper-body manipulation capabilities such as dexterous hands, and its environmental protection rating was not disclosed. These limitations were addressed in the successor DR02.
The DR02 was officially launched on October 9, 2025, at an event in Hangzhou, China. DEEP Robotics positioned the robot as a transition from "laboratory demonstrations" to "scenario-based practical work" in logistics, industrial inspection, and emergency response. The company described the DR02 as addressing "a key limitation in the industry: robots' poor adaptability to complex real-world conditions."[3][12]
The development of the DR02 drew on DEEP Robotics' years of experience hardening quadruped robots for industrial environments. The IP66 environmental sealing technology that protected the Jueying X20 since 2021 was adapted and extended to cover the full body of a bipedal humanoid. The company's proprietary actuator designs, originally developed for the Jueying series, were refined into fully sealed electric servo actuators suitable for humanoid joint configurations.[3]
The DR02 stands 175 cm (5 feet 9 inches) tall with an arm span of 68 cm, proportions described by DEEP Robotics as closely matching the standard physique of an adult male. At 65 kg, it is 15 kg lighter than the DR01 despite having substantially more degrees of freedom and additional sensors. The weight reduction was achieved through refined structural design and lighter actuator components.[3][12]
The robot features five-fingered dexterous hands on each arm, a significant addition over the DR01 which had limited upper-body manipulation capability. Each arm can handle an operational load of 10 kg, with a combined whole-body carrying capacity of 20 kg.[3]
The DR02 has 31 degrees of freedom distributed across its legs, torso, arms, and hands, a substantial increase from the DR01's 12 DOF. This expanded articulation enables whole-body coordination for tasks such as object manipulation, door opening, and material handling in addition to walking and stair climbing.
The actuators are fully sealed, integrated electric servo units designed to maintain performance in wet, dusty, and temperature-extreme environments. DEEP Robotics has not published individual joint torque specifications or a detailed breakdown of DOF distribution across body segments.[3][13]
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Height | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) |
| Weight (with battery) | 65 to 75 kg (sources vary) |
| Arm length | 68 cm |
| Degrees of freedom | 31 |
| Fingers per hand | 5 |
| Standard walking speed | 1.5 m/s (5.4 km/h, 3.4 mph) |
| Maximum speed | 4 m/s (14.4 km/h, 8.9 mph) |
| Total payload capacity | 20 kg (44 lb) |
| Per-arm payload | 10 kg (22 lb) |
| Maximum step height | 25 cm (9.8 in) |
| Maximum slope | 20 degrees |
| IP rating | IP66 (dust-tight, high-pressure water-jet resistant) |
| Operating temperature | -20 °C to +55 °C |
| Computing power | 275 TOPS |
| Processor | NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin |
| Depth cameras | 3 |
| Wide-angle cameras | 1 |
| LiDAR | Yes |
| Battery life | 6 to 8 hours |
| Actuator type | Fully sealed electric servo |
| Software | Closed-source proprietary RTOS |
| Autonomy level | Level 2 (task autonomy) |
The IP66 rating is the DR02's most distinctive technical feature and the centerpiece of DEEP Robotics' marketing. An IP66 rating means the robot is completely dust-tight (level 6 for solids) and protected against powerful water jets from any direction (level 6 for liquids). This is the first time a full-size humanoid robot has achieved this level of environmental sealing across its entire body.[3][12]
The practical consequence is that the DR02 can operate in conditions that would damage or disable most competing humanoid robots: rainstorms, dusty construction sites, cold storage facilities at -20 °C, and high-temperature workshops at +55 °C. This capability extends the potential deployment envelope for humanoid robots beyond climate-controlled factory floors to outdoor logistics yards, power substations, construction sites, and agricultural facilities.
DEEP Robotics' experience with IP66-rated quadruped robots (the X20 since 2021) was instrumental in developing the sealing technology for the DR02. Achieving IP66 protection in a humanoid form factor is considerably more challenging than in a quadruped, because the humanoid has more joints, more complex articulation, and exposed hand mechanisms that must remain functional while sealed against water and dust ingress.[3]
The DR02 is equipped with an NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin processor delivering 275 TOPS (tera operations per second) of computing power. This supports real-time environmental perception, path planning, and motion control through a multi-sensor stack consisting of three depth cameras, one wide-angle camera, and a LiDAR unit for 3D mapping and localization.[3][13]
The sensor fusion system processes data from all sources in real time to construct environmental models, detect obstacles, estimate terrain characteristics, and plan locomotion strategies. The closed-source real-time operating system (RTOS) manages sensor data integration, motion planning, and actuator control within tight latency budgets required for stable bipedal locomotion.[14]
The DR02 achieves 6 to 8 hours of operational endurance, a specification DEEP Robotics has optimized for alignment with standard industrial shift durations. This runtime is notable among humanoid robots; many competing platforms offer only 2 to 5 hours of continuous operation. DEEP Robotics has not disclosed the battery capacity in watt-hours or details about the battery chemistry.[13][14]
The DR02 features a modular quick-detach system allowing rapid replacement of forearms, entire arms, and entire legs. Left and right modules are interchangeable, and core components can be swapped on-site without specialized tools. DEEP Robotics states this reduces maintenance downtime from days to hours, addressing a critical concern for industrial customers who need sustained robot uptime. The company emphasizes that this maintainability supports 5- to 10-year equipment lifecycles.[3][12]
In December 2025, DEEP Robotics released demonstrations showing significant improvements to the DR02's motion capabilities since its October launch. The company described systematic upgrades across three dimensions: whole-body coordinated movement, dynamic disturbance rejection stability, and smooth action transitions.[15]
Rather than controlling individual joints in isolation, the DR02 uses coordinated motion across multiple joints simultaneously. This allows the robot to recover from falls and transition from a prone position to standing without external assistance. The system distributes energy and optimizes trajectories across the full kinematic chain in real time.[15]
DEEP Robotics highlights active waist control as a key element of the DR02's locomotion system. The waist mechanism enables the robot to dynamically adjust its center of gravity and redistribute momentum during rapid movements such as turns and kicks. This is particularly important for maintaining balance during asymmetric actions where the upper body moves independently of the lower body.[15]
The DR02 can maintain balance during high-speed actions and recover quickly from external interference, including exposure to water splashes. This disturbance rejection capability builds on the balance recovery systems demonstrated by the DR01 at the 2024 World Robot Conference.[15]
DEEP Robotics has demonstrated the DR02 performing Tai Chi movements, which the company uses to illustrate reduced mechanical stuttering between joint movements and more natural motion transitions. The Tai Chi demonstration is intended to showcase the system's ability to coordinate joint motion on fine timescales, achieving smooth energy distribution and trajectory optimization. The company has also shown the DR02 performing street dance movements, combining precision, strength, and fluid articulation.[15]
The DR02 represents a substantial upgrade over the DR01 across nearly every specification.
| Feature | DR01 | DR02 |
|---|---|---|
| Unveiled | August 2024 | October 2025 |
| Height | 170 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) |
| Weight | 80 kg | 65 to 75 kg |
| Degrees of freedom | 12 | 31 |
| Walking speed | 1.6 m/s | 1.5 m/s (standard); 4 m/s (max) |
| Step height | 18 cm | 25 cm |
| Slope capability | 25 degrees | 20 degrees |
| Payload | 15 kg | 20 kg (10 kg per arm) |
| Hands | Not disclosed (limited) | 5-finger dexterous hands |
| IP rating | Not disclosed | IP66 (full body) |
| Operating temperature | Not disclosed | -20 °C to +55 °C |
| Computing power | Not disclosed | 275 TOPS |
| Sensors | Environmental sensor array | 3 depth cameras, 1 wide-angle camera, LiDAR |
| Actuators | J60 and J100 joints | Fully sealed electric servo actuators |
| Battery life | In development | 6 to 8 hours |
| Modular design | No | Yes (quick-detach arms and legs) |
| Commercial positioning | Research prototype | Industrial deployment platform |
The most significant improvements from DR01 to DR02 are the nearly tripled degrees of freedom (from 12 to 31), the addition of dexterous hands, the full-body IP66 environmental sealing, the 275 TOPS computing platform, and the modular quick-detach design. Despite these additions, the DR02 is lighter than the DR01, suggesting substantial advances in actuator and structural design. The DR01's slight advantages in slope climbing (25 degrees vs. 20 degrees) and raw walking speed (1.6 m/s vs. 1.5 m/s) are offset by the DR02's much higher maximum speed of 4 m/s and broader operational envelope.
DEEP Robotics targets the DR02 at industrial and commercial applications where all-weather operation provides a competitive advantage over indoor-only humanoid platforms.
The DR02's 4 m/s maximum speed and all-weather capability make it suitable for outdoor security patrols at facilities such as power stations, construction sites, and logistics yards. The multi-sensor perception system supports autonomous navigation and anomaly detection in variable environmental conditions.[3]
The 10 kg per-arm payload and dexterous hands enable the DR02 to handle material transport, part placement, and tool operation in factory settings. The IP66 rating allows deployment in facilities with dust, humidity, or temperature variations that would preclude the use of unprotected robots.[12]
Building on DEEP Robotics' dominant position in quadruped-based power station inspection, the DR02 extends inspection capabilities to scenarios requiring a humanoid form factor, such as operating switches, climbing ladders, or accessing spaces designed for human workers.[3]
The robot's environmental resilience and stair-climbing capability position it for deployment in emergency response scenarios such as post-disaster assessment, hazardous material detection, and search operations in structurally compromised buildings.[12]
The DR02 enters a rapidly expanding humanoid robot market in which Chinese companies accounted for nearly 90% of global humanoid robot shipments in 2025. The market includes both well-established robotics firms and newer entrants backed by significant venture capital.
| Company | Robot | Price | Key Differentiator | Status (early 2026) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DEEP Robotics | DR02 | ~$200,000 | IP66 all-weather; 6-8 hr battery | Prototype/early deployment |
| Unitree Robotics | G1 | $16,000 | Low cost; open ecosystem | Commercial (5,500+ shipped in 2025) |
| Unitree Robotics | H1 | $90,000 | High performance; research platform | Commercial |
| Figure AI | Figure 02 | ~$100,000 | Helix VLA; BMW deployment | Commercial (limited) |
| Tesla | Optimus | $20,000-$30,000 (target) | Tesla manufacturing scale | Prototyping |
| Boston Dynamics | Atlas (electric) | Undisclosed | 56 DOF; Hyundai backing | Commercial launch at CES 2026 |
| UBTECH | Walker S | Undisclosed | Automotive factory deployment | Commercial (limited) |
| AgiBot | Various | Varies | High-volume Chinese manufacturer | Commercial |
The DR02's primary competitive differentiation is its IP66 all-weather capability, which no other full-size humanoid robot matched as of early 2026. While competitors like Unitree have achieved dramatically lower price points (the G1 at $16,000 and the R1 at $5,900), these robots are designed for indoor or controlled environments. The DR02 targets a different market segment: high-value industrial deployments where environmental resilience justifies a premium price.
DEEP Robotics' transition from quadruped to humanoid robots mirrors a broader industry trend. Multiple Chinese quadruped robot manufacturers, including Unitree (which started with the A1 and Go1 quadrupeds), have expanded into humanoid form factors. The shared technical foundations in legged locomotion control, actuator design, and balance algorithms make quadruped experience a natural springboard for humanoid development.[16]