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| Muks Spaceo Pro | |
|---|---|
| General information | |
| Manufacturer | Muks Robotics |
| Country of origin | India |
| Year unveiled | 2025 |
| Status | Production |
| Locomotion | Wheeled |
| Price | ~$60,000 USD |
| Website | muksrobotics.com |
Spaceo Pro is an industrial humanoid robot developed by Muks Robotics, a Pune-based artificial intelligence and robotics company in India. Unveiled at the India Today Conclave in March 2025, the Spaceo Pro is marketed as India's first production-ready humanoid robot designed for heavy-duty industrial work. It features an adjustable height of up to 2,100 mm (approximately 7 feet), a 200 kg payload capacity, dual 7-degree-of-freedom arms, and the company's proprietary FusionMax Omni-Modal AI system. The robot is designed for manufacturing, logistics, warehouse automation, and healthcare environments where it can perform autonomous navigation, pick-and-place operations, palletizing, and AGV guidance.[1][2][3]
Spaceo Pro is part of the broader Spaceo product line, which also includes the Spaceo M1 social humanoid and the in-development Spaceo Prime bipedal robot intended for planetary exploration. Muks Robotics positions the Spaceo Pro as a solution to labor shortages in hazardous industrial environments, combining heavy payload handling with real-time AI-driven autonomy.[4][5]
Muks Robotics (formally registered as Muks Robotics AI Pvt. Ltd.) was founded in 2021 by Dr. Mukesh Bangar and is headquartered in Pune, Maharashtra, India. The company name "MUKS" stands for Machine Understanding and Knowledge Synthesis. Dr. Bangar, the company's Founder, CEO, and CTO, is a self-taught AI and robotics engineer with a background in medical science who spent over a decade studying core cognitive processes including consciousness, learning, imagination, reasoning, and machine self-awareness. Before founding Muks Robotics, he published two foundational research papers: Thinking Circuit (2013) and Cognitive Model of Consciousness in Toto (2017), which inform the company's philosophical and technical approach to machine intelligence.[6][7][8]
Prior to entering the robotics hardware space, Dr. Bangar developed an AI-based Android operating system that achieved over 100,000 downloads. Muks Robotics has since expanded into a full-stack robotics company, handling all research, design, and manufacturing in-house. The company's stated mission is "to build fully autonomous humanoids for Earth and beyond," with a long-term vision described as creating "a suffering-free world through robotics."[6][7]
By 2025, Muks Robotics had reported annual revenue of approximately 1.97 crore INR (roughly $2.4 million USD) with a compounded annual growth rate of 1,683% over the prior year. The company ranks among the top 25 active competitors globally in the humanoid robotics space according to Tracxn data.[9]
Muks Robotics began developing the Spaceo line of humanoid robots after establishing its initial AI platform capabilities. The company's timeline includes several milestones:[6]
The India Today Conclave demonstration brought significant public attention to the company, with videos of the robots engaging with audiences, performing movements, and responding to voice commands circulating widely on social media and news outlets.[3][10]
The Spaceo Pro features a wheeled humanoid form factor with an adjustable-height torso that can extend from a resting height of 1,670 mm to a maximum of 2,100 mm (approximately 5 feet 6 inches to 7 feet). The robot measures 480 mm in width and 450 mm in depth, weighing approximately 65 kg including the battery. This adjustable-height mechanism allows the robot to adapt to different tasks and workstation configurations in industrial settings.[1][2][11]
The robot's body is built around a modular architecture that enables components to be swapped or upgraded without replacing the entire unit. It incorporates a dynamic waist rotation joint with 1 degree of freedom, delivering a maximum torque of 66 N*m. This waist joint, combined with the adjustable height, gives the robot enhanced reach and flexibility compared to fixed-frame industrial robots.[1][2]
Each of the Spaceo Pro's two arms features 7 degrees of freedom with a span of 580 mm (without gripper), providing human-like range of motion for industrial tasks. Each arm can lift up to 10 kg, while the overall platform supports a payload capacity of 200 kg for transporting heavy loads on its wheeled base. The arms achieve precise body movements with an accuracy of plus or minus 2 mm, making them suitable for tasks requiring fine positioning such as pick-and-place operations and quality inspection support.[1][2][11]
The hands feature 5 fingers per hand with 7 degrees of freedom dedicated to hand articulation. The total system provides 20 degrees of freedom across all joints (arms, hands, waist, and base), enabling coordinated whole-body motion for complex manipulation tasks.[2]
The Spaceo Pro uses harmonic drive actuators equipped with double encoders (dual-encoder servo configuration) across its joints. This dual-encoder design provides redundant position feedback, improving joint accuracy and enabling smoother, more reliable motion control. The harmonic drive gear technology offers high gear ratios in a compact form factor, which is critical for achieving the robot's payload capacity while maintaining precision.[1][2]
The robot moves on a wheeled base at speeds up to 2 m/s (7.2 km/h or approximately 4.5 mph). Its autonomous navigation system uses 4D LiDAR for ultra-wide-angle environmental scanning combined with the Intel RealSense D435i depth camera for 3D perception. This sensor fusion approach allows the robot to build real-time maps of its environment, detect obstacles, optimize routes, and navigate through dynamic industrial spaces such as factory floors and warehouse aisles.[1][2][12]
The Spaceo Pro is equipped with an NVIDIA Ampere architecture GPU featuring 2,048 CUDA cores and 64 Tensor cores, delivering 275 TOPS (trillion operations per second) of INT8 AI inference performance. This is paired with an Intel Core i5 CPU, 16 GB of RAM, and a 500 GB SSD for storage. The combination of GPU and CPU enables the robot to run complex AI workloads including real-time computer vision, natural language processing, path planning, and motor control simultaneously.[1][2][12]
At the core of the Spaceo Pro's intelligence is FusionMax, Muks Robotics' proprietary omni-modal AI system. FusionMax is described as a Vision-Audio-Language-Action (VALA) model with 2 billion optimized parameters trained on real-world data. Unlike general-purpose large language models, FusionMax is purpose-built for robotics applications, integrating perception (vision and audio), language comprehension, and physical action planning into a unified system.[4][5][7]
Key capabilities of FusionMax include:
Dr. Bangar has stated that "FusionMax was designed to bring intelligence closer to the edge," enabling robots to function autonomously "even in disconnected settings like outer space."[7]
Muks Robotics has also developed the Muks Core B1, which the company describes as the world's first artificial general intelligence (AGI) system designed specifically for robots. The Core B1 is a computing hardware platform composed of two main components: a Neural Processing Unit (NPU) and an AGI software layer. This system is intended to serve as the next-generation intelligence backbone across the Spaceo product line, though specific deployment timelines and technical benchmarks have not been publicly detailed as of early 2026.[5][13]
The Spaceo Pro integrates multiple sensor modalities for comprehensive environmental awareness:
| Sensor | Type | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| 4D LiDAR | Ultra-wide-angle laser scanner | Environmental mapping, obstacle detection, and autonomous navigation |
| Intel RealSense D435i | Stereo depth camera | 3D spatial perception and object recognition |
| Microphone array | 4-element array with noise and echo cancellation | Voice command reception and audio situational awareness |
| Stereo speakers | 5W output | Multilingual speech output and auditory alerts |
The 4D LiDAR system provides the robot with a comprehensive three-dimensional understanding of its surroundings, while the Intel RealSense D435i depth camera adds high-resolution 3D perception at closer ranges. The four-microphone array with noise and echo cancellation enables the robot to process voice commands in noisy industrial environments.[1][2][12]
| Category | Specification | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Physical | Height (rest) | 1,670 mm |
| Physical | Height (max) | 2,100 mm |
| Physical | Width | 480 mm |
| Physical | Depth | 450 mm |
| Physical | Weight (with battery) | 65 kg |
| Mobility | Locomotion type | Wheeled |
| Mobility | Maximum speed | 2 m/s (7.2 km/h) |
| Mobility | Total degrees of freedom | 20 |
| Manipulation | Arm DOF | 7 per arm |
| Manipulation | Hand DOF | 7 |
| Manipulation | Arm span | 580 mm (without gripper) |
| Manipulation | Arm payload | 10 kg per arm |
| Manipulation | Platform payload | 200 kg |
| Manipulation | Fingers per hand | 5 |
| Manipulation | Positioning accuracy | +/- 2 mm |
| Waist | DOF | 1 (rotation) |
| Waist | Max torque | 66 N*m |
| Actuators | Type | Harmonic drive with dual encoders |
| Computing | GPU | NVIDIA Ampere (2,048 CUDA cores, 64 Tensor cores) |
| Computing | AI performance | 275 TOPS (INT8) |
| Computing | CPU | Intel Core i5 |
| Computing | RAM | 16 GB |
| Computing | Storage | 500 GB SSD |
| Computing | AI system | FusionMax Omni-Modal AI (2B parameters) |
| Sensors | LiDAR | 4D ultra-wide-angle |
| Sensors | Depth camera | Intel RealSense D435i |
| Sensors | Microphones | 4-element array (noise/echo cancellation) |
| Sensors | Speakers | 5W stereo |
| Power | Battery life | 4+ hours (240 minutes) |
| Power | Autonomous charging | Yes |
| Connectivity | WiFi | WiFi 6 (dual-band) |
| Connectivity | Bluetooth | 5.2 |
| Software | OTA updates | Yes |
The Spaceo Pro sits alongside the Spaceo M1 in the Spaceo product line. While the Pro targets heavy industrial applications, the M1 is a lighter, service-oriented social humanoid designed for customer-facing roles in airports, malls, hospitals, and offices. The two robots share the FusionMax AI core but differ significantly in their physical capabilities, sensor configurations, and target markets.[4][14]
| Feature | Spaceo Pro | Spaceo M1 |
|---|---|---|
| Primary role | Industrial automation | Social interaction and service |
| Height | 1,670 - 2,100 mm | 1,625 mm |
| Weight | 65 kg | 45 kg |
| Total DOF | 20 | 12 |
| Arm DOF | 7 per arm | 5 per arm |
| Platform payload | 200 kg | 50-60 kg |
| Arm payload | 10 kg per arm | Not specified |
| Maximum speed | 2 m/s | 1.5 m/s |
| LiDAR | 4D | 2D |
| Depth camera | Intel RealSense D435i | Intel RealSense |
| CPU | Intel Core i5 | AMD Ryzen 7 |
| AI module | NVIDIA Ampere (275 TOPS) | Jetson Orin AGX (~275 TOPS) or RTX 5070 |
| Battery life | 4+ hours | Up to 8 hours active; 72 hours standby |
| Battery type | Not specified | 25.6V 45Ah LiFePO4 |
| Display | None specified | 7-inch LED touch display |
| Body material | Not specified | Aluminum with polymer covers |
| Motor type | Harmonic drive servo (dual encoders) | Low-inertia BLDC servo |
| Approximate price | ~$60,000 USD | ~$11,000 USD |
| Target markets | Manufacturing, logistics, warehousing | Hospitality, healthcare, retail, offices |
The Spaceo M1 features a 7-inch LED touch display and emotion recognition capabilities that make it suitable for public-facing interactions, while the Spaceo Pro's stronger arms, greater payload capacity, 4D LiDAR, and higher degree-of-freedom configuration make it better suited for physical labor in factory and warehouse environments.[4][14]
The third variant in the Spaceo line is Spaceo Prime, a bipedal humanoid robot currently under development. Unlike the wheeled Pro and M1 models, Spaceo Prime is designed for legged locomotion and is intended for planetary exploration missions, including autonomous sample collection, environmental analysis, and infrastructure assistance on the Moon and Mars. Muks Robotics targets 2032 for Spaceo Prime development completion, with aspirations for collaboration with space agencies for off-world deployment.[4][5][15]
The Spaceo Pro's primary target market is industrial manufacturing and logistics. With its 200 kg payload capacity and 7-DOF arms, the robot is designed for palletizing, pick-and-place operations, material handling, and assisting with quality inspection on factory floors. Its autonomous navigation allows it to move through warehouse environments, support automated guided vehicle operations, and transport materials between workstations. Muks Robotics claims that early deployments in manufacturing and logistics have shown throughput gains and reduced injury risk for human workers.[1][2][3]
In healthcare settings, the Spaceo Pro can assist with patient support tasks, administrative functions, and service delivery within hospitals. Its multilingual communication capabilities and autonomous navigation allow it to transport supplies, assist staff, and interact with patients across language barriers.[3][12]
Muks Robotics has established collaborations with India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for robotics-based solutions. Dr. Bangar highlighted the DRDO collaboration at the India Today Conclave 2025, noting work on developing robots capable of exploring areas inaccessible to humans. While these defense and space applications primarily involve the Spaceo Prime variant, the industrial Spaceo Pro platform serves as the foundation for many of the enabling technologies.[7][8][15]
Muks Robotics has secured several notable partnerships and enterprise clients across multiple sectors:
These deployments demonstrate Muks Robotics' traction across both its humanoid robot platform and its complementary AI vision and surveillance products, which share the same FusionMax AI architecture.[7][8]
The Spaceo Pro emerges within a growing Indian robotics industry that has seen increasing government support and private investment. India's Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has introduced schemes and incentives to support innovation in robotics, and the country's "Make in India" initiative has encouraged domestic development of advanced technologies.[16]
Several Indian companies are active in the robotics and humanoid space:
Muks Robotics differentiates itself by focusing specifically on industrial-grade humanoids with high payload capacity and in-house AI development, positioning the Spaceo Pro as a domestically designed and manufactured alternative to international competitors. The company's claimed revenue growth and enterprise partnerships with major Indian corporations such as Tata Motors suggest early commercial viability in the Indian market.[7][9]
In the global humanoid robot market, the Spaceo Pro competes with industrial and general-purpose humanoids from companies worldwide. Its 200 kg payload capacity positions it at the higher end of the payload spectrum compared to many bipedal humanoids, though its wheeled locomotion limits its applicability in environments requiring stair climbing or uneven terrain navigation. Notable competitors in the industrial humanoid and heavy-payload segment include Agility Robotics' Digit (logistics-focused), Apptronik's Apollo (manufacturing), and various Chinese humanoid robotics companies that have been rapidly scaling production.[17]
The Spaceo Pro's approximate price point of $60,000 places it in a competitive range for industrial robotics, particularly when compared to collaborative robots (cobots) and traditional industrial automation systems. The significantly lower price of the Spaceo M1 at approximately $11,000 also suggests Muks Robotics' strategy of offering an accessible entry point for service applications while targeting higher-margin industrial deployments with the Pro variant.[1][14]