Etched
Etched is an American semiconductor startup building Sohu, the first application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designed to run only transformer models, the architecture behind most large language models.
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Etched is an American semiconductor startup building Sohu, the first application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designed to run only transformer models, the architecture behind most large language models.
Sohu is a transformer-specialized application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) built by Etched, a Silicon Valley AI hardware startup founded in 2022 by Harvard dropouts Gavin Uberti, Chris Zhu, and Robert…
FLOPS (floating-point operations per second, also written FLOP/s) is a measure of computing speed: the number of arithmetic operations on floating-point numbers that a processor, accelerator or supercomputer…
FP4 (4-bit floating point) is a numerical format that stores a real number in just 4 bits, the smallest floating-point type in mainstream use for deep learning.
FP8 is a family of 8-bit floating-point number formats used to accelerate deep learning training and inference, built around two encodings, E4M3 (4 exponent bits, 3 mantissa bits) and E5M2 (5 exponent bits, 2…
FluidStack (stylized Fluidstack) is an artificial intelligence cloud company that provides on-demand access to large clusters of graphics processing units (GPUs) for AI training and inference
Fractile is a British AI hardware startup, based in London, that is building in-memory computing chips to speed up and cut the cost of running large AI models.
Frozen v2 is the informal internal codename for a specialized artificial-intelligence inference chip that Google is reportedly developing to run its Gemini models more cheaply and with far less energy.
FuriosaAI is a South Korean fabless semiconductor startup that designs data-center AI chip accelerators for deep learning inference.
The GAIN AI Act (Guaranteeing Access and Innovation for National Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025) is proposed United States legislation that would require a company seeking a license to export advanced AI…
A GPU cluster is a group of servers containing graphics processing units that are connected by high-bandwidth, low-latency networks and operated as one computational pool.
GPU depreciation concerns the allocation of the cost of graphics processing units over their useful lives and the loss of their economic value.
GPU computing is the use of a graphics processing unit (GPU) to perform general-purpose computation that was traditionally handled by the central processing unit (CPU).
Google Cloud is the enterprise cloud business of Google and the name of a reportable segment in Alphabet's financial statements.
Google TPU 8i is an eighth-generation Tensor Processing Unit from Google, built specifically for AI inference rather than model training.
Google TPU 8t is the training-focused member of Google's eighth-generation Tensor Processing Unit family, previewed at Google Cloud Next on April 22, 2026.
Virgo Network is a megascale data-center fabric introduced by Google at Google Cloud Next 2026 in April 2026.
Grand Teton is an open GPU hardware platform designed by Meta for training and running large AI models.
A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a processor designed to execute many similar operations in parallel.
Groq is a United States artificial intelligence infrastructure company that operates an AI inference cloud and offers on-premises inference systems.
Groq hardware is a family of artificial-intelligence accelerators and multi-chip systems built around a statically scheduled streaming architecture.
HBM3e (also written HBM3E and HBM3 Extended) is the extended-bandwidth variant of HBM3 high bandwidth memory, a stacked DRAM technology used as on-package memory for AI accelerators and high-performance…
HBM4 (High Bandwidth Memory generation 4) is the fourth principal generation of high bandwidth memory (HBM)
HUMAIN is a Saudi Arabian artificial intelligence company launched on 12 May 2025 and owned by the Public Investment Fund (PIF), the kingdom's roughly trillion-dollar sovereign wealth fund.
High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) is a JEDEC-standardised, 3D-stacked DRAM technology that delivers very high memory bandwidth and good energy efficiency to a nearby logic die, typically a GPU or AI accelerator, by…
Huawei Ascend is a family of AI accelerators designed by Huawei around a custom processor architecture called Da Vinci.
The Huawei Ascend 910B is a data-center AI accelerator designed by Huawei's HiSilicon unit that became China's most widely deployed domestic alternative to restricted NVIDIA data-center GPUs across roughly…
The Huawei Ascend 910C is a data-center artificial intelligence accelerator developed by Huawei and positioned as China's leading domestic alternative to high-end NVIDIA GPUs that are barred from sale to…
The Huawei CloudMatrix 384 (commonly shortened to CM384) is a rack-scale artificial intelligence computing system that Huawei markets as an "AI supernode." It wires together 384 Huawei Ascend 910C…
Hyperion is an artificial intelligence data center campus built by Meta in Richland Parish, in northeast Louisiana, United States.
A hyperscaler is a company that builds and operates computing infrastructure at a scale far beyond a conventional enterprise IT estate: globally distributed fleets of data centers holding millions of servers…
IREN Limited is an Australian-founded data center company listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker IREN.
InferenceX, launched in October 2025 under the name InferenceMAX, is an open-source benchmark that continuously measures large language model inference performance across AI accelerators and serving software.
InfiniBand is a high throughput, low latency networking interconnect standard used to connect servers, storage, and accelerators inside high performance computing systems and large artificial intelligence…
Intel Corporation is an American multinational semiconductor company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, that designs CPUs, GPUs, and Gaudi AI accelerators and operates Intel Foundry
Intel Crescent Island is a data-center GPU from Intel built for artificial-intelligence inference workloads.
Intel Gaudi 3 is a data-center AI accelerator from Intel, built by its Habana Labs unit, designed to train and run large language models as a lower-cost alternative to Nvidia's H100 GPU.
Jalapeño is a custom AI accelerator designed by OpenAI with silicon implementation and networking technology from Broadcom.
Kalshi is a US exchange for event contracts: binary "yes" or "no" contracts that pay $1 if a stated event happens and nothing if it does not
Lambda Labs (operating as Lambda, Inc.) is an American AI infrastructure company that provides GPU cloud computing, on-premises GPU hardware, and deep learning software for artificial intelligence research and…
Land, power, and shell (LPS) is an emerging commercial label for the physical site, deliverable electricity, and building structure needed before computing equipment can be installed in a large data center.
Lepton AI was an American AI cloud company, founded in 2023, that built a cloud-native inference platform for serving large language models, generative image models, and other AI workloads on NVIDIA GPUs.
Lightmatter is a U.S. silicon-photonics company that designs and manufactures optical computing hardware and photonic interconnects for artificial intelligence and high-performance computing.
This list covers agreements for AI computing capacity announced or credibly reported between January 2023 and October 2026: cloud capacity contracts, chip supply agreements, data center leases and builds, the…
MLPerf is the AI industry's standard suite of benchmarks for measuring how fast machine learning systems train and run models, developed and maintained by MLCommons
MTIA (Meta Training and Inference Accelerator) is a family of custom silicon chips that Meta designs for use in its own data centers rather than for sale.
MatX is an American semiconductor startup that designs AI chips purpose-built for large language models (LLMs).
Meta Compute is a top-level organization that Meta created in January 2026 to plan, build, and run the gigawatt-scale data center capacity behind its push toward artificial general intelligence and what the…
MTIA (Meta Training and Inference Accelerator) is a family of custom AI chips that Meta designs in-house to run its largest artificial intelligence workloads, beginning with the deep learning recommendation…
The Meta MTIA 300 series is a set of four custom AI accelerator chips that Meta unveiled on March 11, 2026, as the next phase of its in-house Meta Training and Inference Accelerator program.
The Meta-Amazon Graviton deal is a multibillion-dollar, multiyear agreement announced on April 24, 2026
MetaX (Chinese: 沐曦; pinyin: Mùxī), formally MetaX Integrated Circuits (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. and sometimes rendered Muxi, is a Chinese fabless semiconductor company based in Shanghai that designs general-purpose…
Micron Technology, Inc. (NASDAQ: MU) is an American memory and storage chipmaker headquartered in Boise, Idaho.
Microscaling (MX) formats are a family of low-precision number formats for machine learning in which a small block of values, normally 32 of them, shares one common scale factor while each value is stored in a…
Microsoft Azure is the public cloud computing platform operated by Microsoft, and the world's second-largest cloud provider, behind Amazon Web Services (AWS) and ahead of Google Cloud.
The Microsoft Azure Maia 100, often referred to as Maia 100, is a custom artificial intelligence accelerator designed by Microsoft for large-scale generative AI workloads running inside its Azure cloud.
Fairwater is Microsoft's name for a class of large AI datacenter built to train and serve frontier artificial intelligence models.
Microsoft Maia 200 is a custom artificial intelligence accelerator designed by Microsoft for inference workloads in the Azure cloud.
Microsoft's microfluidic cooling is an experimental chip-cooling technique, disclosed by Microsoft in September 2025, that etches tiny channels directly into the back of a silicon die and pushes liquid coolant…
Modal is a serverless cloud computing platform that lets developers run compute-intensive artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data-processing workloads on cloud GPUs by writing ordinary Python, with…