Showing 241-300 of 491 articles
Jet-Nemotron
Jet-Nemotron is a family of small hybrid-architecture language models released by NVIDIA Research in August 2025.[1] The family ships in two sizes,...
AI ModelsAI Research
Kimi (chatbot)
Kimi is an artificial intelligence chatbot and assistant developed by Moonshot AI, a Beijing-based Chinese AI startup, first released to the public on November...
Chinese AIConversational AI
Kimi K1.5
Kimi K1.5 is a multimodal reasoning large language model developed by Moonshot AI, a Beijing-based artificial intelligence company. The model was announced on...
AI ModelsChinese AI
Kimi K2
Kimi K2 is an open-weights Mixture of Experts language model from Moonshot AI, a Beijing startup, released on July 11, 2025 with 1.04 trillion total parameters...
AI ModelsChinese AI
Kimi K2 Thinking
Kimi K2 Thinking is a reasoning and agentic large language model released by the Chinese startup Moonshot AI on November 6, 2025. It is a thinking variant...
Chinese AIOpen Source AI
Kimi K2.5
Kimi K2.5 is an open-weights, natively multimodal large language model developed by Moonshot AI and released on January 27, 2026 [4][9]. It extends the...
AI ModelsChinese AI
Kimi K2.6
Kimi K2.6 is an open-weight, trillion-parameter mixture of experts (MoE) large language model released by Moonshot AI on 20 April 2026 for agentic coding and...
Chinese AIOpen Source AI
Knowledge Editing
Knowledge editing (also called model editing) is a family of techniques for updating or correcting specific factual associations stored in the weights of a...
Machine LearningNatural Language Processing
LLM API Pricing Comparison
As of July 2026, the cheapest credible LLM API depends on the capability tier you need, so here is the direct answer. For frontier-class intelligence, the...
AI Tools & ProductsModel Evaluation
LLM Benchmark Comparison (Leaderboard Overview)
As of July 2026, no single model wins every LLM benchmark, but Anthropic's Claude Fable 5 tops the most: it currently leads MMLU-Pro (91.5%), SWE-bench...
AI BenchmarksModel Evaluation
LLM Compiler (Meta)
The Meta Large Language Model Compiler, usually shortened to LLM Compiler, is a family of pre-trained large language model models built by Meta AI for code and...
AI Code GenerationMeta AI
LLM Context Window Comparison
As of July 2026, the largest context window ever announced belongs to Magic's LTM-2-mini at 100,000,000 tokens (100M), but it is a research prototype that has...
AI ModelsModel Evaluation
LLM Size and Parameter Comparison
As of July 2026, OpenAI has never officially disclosed how many parameters GPT-5 has, and no GPT-5.x version ships a public size; the most-cited independent...
AI ModelsOpen Source AI
LLM inference engine
An LLM inference engine (also called an LLM serving engine or LLM inference server) is the systems software stack that loads trained large language model...
AI InferenceAI Infrastructure
LLM-as-a-judge
LLM-as-a-judge is the practice of using a strong large language model to evaluate the outputs of other models, or of itself, in place of a human annotator....
AI BenchmarksModel Evaluation
LLM.int8()
LLM.int8() is an 8-bit matrix multiplication scheme for large language model inference that preserves accuracy across models up to 175 billion parameters by...
AI Inference
LLaDA (Large Language Diffusion)
LLaDA (Large Language Diffusion with mAsking) is a family of non-autoregressive large language models that generate text by iteratively denoising a sequence of...
Diffusion Models
LLaMA
LLaMA (Large Language Model Meta AI), stylized as Llama from version 2 onward, is a family of open-weight large language models developed by Meta AI (formerly...
Meta AINatural Language Processing
LLaMA/Model Card
See also: LLaMA, Llama 2, Llama 3, Llama 4, Model card The Llama model card is the official documentation that Meta AI ships with each release of the Llama...
AI ModelsDeveloper Tools
LM Studio
LM Studio is a desktop application for discovering, downloading, and running large language models locally on personal hardware, available free for both...
Developer ToolsOpen Source AI
LaMDA
LaMDA (short for Language Model for Dialogue Applications) is a family of conversational large language models developed by Google, built on the Transformer...
Conversational AIGoogle
LangChain
LangChain is an open-source software framework for building applications powered by large language models (LLMs), available as both a Python and a TypeScript...
AI AgentsDeveloper Tools
Large Language Model
See also: Machine learning terms, Natural language processing, Transformer A large language model (LLM) is an artificial intelligence system built on a...
Artificial IntelligenceDeep Learning
LayoutLM
LayoutLM is a family of pre-trained multimodal models developed by Microsoft Research for document AI, the task of automatically reading and understanding...
Multimodal AI
Least-to-Most Prompting
Least-to-Most Prompting is a few-shot prompting technique for large language models introduced by researchers at Google Brain in May 2022. The method addresses...
Prompt Engineering
LegalBench
LegalBench is a collaboratively constructed benchmark for measuring legal reasoning in large language models (LLMs), consisting of 162 tasks that span six...
AI BenchmarksLegal AI
Ling-1T
Ling-1T is a trillion-parameter open-weight language model released by Ant Group through its Inclusion AI research group on October 9, 2025. It is a mixture of...
Chinese AIMixture of Experts
LiteLLM
LiteLLM is an open-source AI gateway from BerriAI that lets developers call more than 100 large language model providers (including OpenAI, Anthropic, Google...
Developer ToolsOpen Source AI
Llama 2
Llama 2 (Large Language Model Meta AI 2; sometimes stylized LLaMA 2 after the original paper's backronym) is a family of large language models developed and...
Machine LearningMeta AI
Llama 3
Llama 3 is a family of open-weight large language models released by Meta on April 18, 2024, and described by Meta at launch as "the most capable openly...
AI ModelsMeta AI
Llama 3.1
Llama 3.1 is a family of open-weight large language models released by Meta on July 23, 2024, in three sizes, 8 billion, 70 billion, and 405 billion...
AI ModelsMeta AI
Llama 3.2
Meta Release date Meta Connect 2024 Model sizes Auto-regressive transformer; vision models add a cross-attention image adapter on frozen Llama 3.1...
AI ModelsMeta AI
Llama 3.2 Vision
Llama 3.2 Vision is the set of multimodal (image-plus-text) models in Meta's Llama 3.2 family, released on September 25, 2024 at the Meta Connect 2024...
Meta AIMultimodal AI
Llama 3.3
Llama 3.3 is an instruction-tuned, text-only large language model with 70 billion parameters that Meta released on December 6, 2024, positioned to deliver the...
AI ModelsMeta AI
Llama 4
Llama 4 (Large Language Model Meta AI 4) is a family of natively multimodal large language models developed by Meta and released on April 5, 2025, the first...
Meta AI
Llama 4 Behemoth
Llama 4 Behemoth is the announced but unreleased flagship model in the Llama 4 family from Meta AI. It was unveiled on April 5, 2025 alongside its smaller...
AI ModelsMeta AI
Llama 4 Scout and Maverick
Llama 4 Scout and Llama 4 Maverick are open-weight, natively multimodal AI large language models developed by Meta and released on April 5, 2025.[1] They are...
AI ModelsMeta AI
Llama Nemotron
Llama Nemotron is a family of open reasoning large language models built by Nvidia by post-training Meta's Llama models for math, coding, and agentic tasks....
NVIDIAReasoning Models
Llama-3.1-Nemotron-70B-Instruct
Llama-3.1-Nemotron-70B-Instruct is a large language model released by NVIDIA in October 2024. It is a customized, alignment-tuned version of Meta's Llama 3.1...
AI ModelsNVIDIA
LoftQ
LoftQ (short for LoRA-Fine-Tuning-aware Quantization) is a quantization and initialization framework for large language models that jointly quantizes a...
Training & Optimization
Long-context language models
Long-context language models are large language models engineered to accept and reason over inputs far larger than the few-thousand-token windows used by early...
Model Architecture
LongBench
LongBench is a benchmark suite for evaluating the long-context understanding capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Developed by researchers at Tsinghua...
AI BenchmarksNatural Language Processing
LongBench v2
LongBench v2 is a benchmark for evaluating how well large language models understand and reason over long contexts. It consists of 503 challenging...
AI BenchmarksModel Evaluation
LongCat-Flash
LongCat-Flash is an open-weight large language model developed by the LongCat team at Meituan, the Chinese on-demand local-services and food-delivery company....
AI ModelsOpen Source AI
LongLoRA
LongLoRA is a parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique that extends the context window of pre-trained large language models with substantially lower...
Training & Optimization
LongRoPE
LongRoPE is a context-window extension technique for large language models (LLMs) that use rotary position embeddings (RoPE). Introduced by researchers at...
MicrosoftModel Architecture
Longformer
Longformer is a transformer architecture for processing long documents, introduced by Iz Beltagy, Matthew E. Peters, and Arman Cohan of the Allen Institute for...
Natural Language ProcessingTransformer Models
Lookahead Decoding
Lookahead Decoding is a parallel decoding algorithm for accelerating inference in large language models, introduced in November 2023 by Yichao Fu, Peter...
AI InferenceAlgorithms
MAI-1-preview
MAI-1-preview is a large language model developed by Microsoft AI, the consumer artificial intelligence division of Microsoft led by Mustafa Suleyman....
AI ModelsOpen Source AI
MBPP
MBPP (Mostly Basic Python Problems) is a code generation benchmark of 974 crowd-sourced Python programming tasks designed to be solvable by entry-level...
AI BenchmarksAI Code Generation
MMLU-Pro
Massive Multitask Language Understanding Professional Abbreviation A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark with 10-choice...
AI BenchmarksMachine Learning
MMLU-ProX
MMLU-ProX is a multilingual benchmark for evaluating reasoning and knowledge in large language models, extending the English-only MMLU-Pro test set to 29...
AI Benchmarks
MMMU-Pro
MMMU-Pro is a rigorous benchmark for evaluating multimodal AI systems on college-level, expert questions that genuinely require seeing an image, built as a...
AI BenchmarksComputer Vision
MRCR
MRCR (Multi-Round Co-reference Resolution) is a synthetic long-context evaluation that tests whether a large language model can locate and disambiguate among...
AI BenchmarksModel Evaluation
MT-Bench
MT-Bench (Multi-Turn Benchmark) is a benchmark of 80 hand-written, two-turn questions that evaluates large language models (LLMs) on multi-turn conversation...
AI BenchmarksNatural Language Processing
Machine learning terms/Natural Language Processing
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the subfield of artificial intelligence and machine learning concerned with enabling computers to read, interpret,...
Machine LearningNatural Language Processing
Magistral
Magistral is the first family of reasoning models from Mistral AI, the French AI company, first released on June 10, 2025. [1] Mistral describes it as "the...
Open Source AIReasoning Models
Mamba
See also: transformer, attention mechanism, recurrent neural network, large language model, Mamba-2, state space model Mamba is a neural network architecture...
Model Architecture
Many-shot jailbreaking
Many-shot jailbreaking is a technique for bypassing the safety training of a large language model by filling its context window with a long series of faux...
AI SafetyAnthropic
Mark Chen (OpenAI)
Mark Chen is an American artificial intelligence researcher and research executive at OpenAI, where he serves as Chief Research Officer [1][2]. He joined the...
AI CompaniesPeople