2024 Nobel Prizes in AI
In 2024, five artificial intelligence researchers won Nobel Prizes across two categories: the Nobel Prize in Physics went to John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton "for foundational discoveries and inventions…
AI History
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Showing 1-60 of 62 articles
ACM A.M. Turing Award
The ACM A.M. Turing Award is an annual prize given by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) for, in the words of the official citation, "contributions of lasting and major technical importance to the…
AI Test Kitchen
AI Test Kitchen was a Google application for Android, iOS, and the web that let users interact with experimental generative AI models behind a controlled access program.
ASIMO
ASIMO (Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility) was a humanoid robot developed by Honda Motor Co.
Ada Lovelace
Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace (born Augusta Ada Byron; 10 December 1815 to 27 November 1852), usually called Ada Lovelace
Alan Turing
Alan Turing (23 June 1912 to 7 June 1954) was a British mathematician, logician, and codebreaker who is widely regarded as the founder of theoretical computer science and a foundational figure in artificial…
Allen Newell
Allen Newell (March 19, 1927 - July 19, 1992) was an American computer scientist and cognitive psychologist who co-created the Logic Theorist, widely described as the first artificial intelligence program, and…
Amazon Mechanical Turk
Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is a crowdsourcing marketplace operated by Amazon in which businesses and researchers ("requesters") post small paid tasks that a distributed pool of workers completes over the…
Art
AI art is visual, audio, or other creative work produced with the help of artificial intelligence, most commonly images generated from text prompts by text-to-image models such as DALL-E, Midjourney, and…
Bard
Bard was the conversational AI chatbot developed by Google, launched as an experimental service on February 6, 2023, opened to a public waitlist on March 21, 2023, and rebranded to Gemini on February 8, 2024.
Beverage ChatGPT Plugins
Beverage ChatGPT Plugins were the small subset of third-party plugins published in the ChatGPT plugins store between March 2023 and April 2024 that focused on drinks: cocktails, coffee, sake, and other…
Boltzmann machine
A Boltzmann machine is a stochastic, recurrent neural network of symmetrically connected binary units that defines an energy function over its configurations and assigns each configuration a probability…
Chatbot
A chatbot is a software application that simulates conversation with human users through text or voice, ranging from simple rule-based programs that match keywords to canned replies, to systems built on a…
Claude Shannon
Claude Elwood Shannon (April 30, 1916 - February 24, 2001) was an American mathematician and electrical engineer who founded information theory, the mathematical framework that underlies digital communication…
Clojure
Clojure is a dynamic, general-purpose, functional programming language and a modern dialect of Lisp, created by Rich Hickey and first released on October 16, 2007.
Common Lisp
Common Lisp is the ANSI-standardized dialect of the Lisp family and was, from the late 1980s through the early 1990s, the dominant programming language of symbolic AI research.
Connectionism
Connectionism is an approach in cognitive science and artificial intelligence that explains mental phenomena as the collective behavior of large networks of simple, interconnected processing units.
Cybernetics
Cybernetics is the study of control and communication in animals, machines, and organizations.
Cyc
Cyc (pronounced "psyche", from "encyclopedia") is a long-running symbolic AI project that aims to assemble a comprehensive ontology and knowledge base of common-sense facts and reasoning rules, encoded by hand…
DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is the central research and development agency of the United States Department of Defense, responsible for funding high-risk
DARPA Robotics Challenge
The DARPA Robotics Challenge (commonly abbreviated DRC) was a prize competition organised by the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) that ran from October 2012 through June 2015
DENDRAL
DENDRAL was a computer program built at Stanford University to help organic chemists work out the molecular structure of unknown compounds from their mass spectra.
Data Visualization ChatGPT Plugins
Data visualization ChatGPT plugins were a category of third party tools, active from 2023 to 2024, that let ChatGPT draw charts, plot graphs, render flowcharts, and build other visual representations of data…
Design ChatGPT Plugins
Design ChatGPT Plugins were third-party extensions inside ChatGPT that helped the chatbot create graphic assets, page layouts, logos, banners, and full websites without leaving the conversation, with named…
ELIZA effect
The ELIZA effect is the tendency of people to attribute understanding, empathy, and other human mental states to a computer program on the strength of its conversational output
ELMo (Embeddings from Language Models)
ELMo (Embeddings from Language Models) is a deep contextualized word embedding method, introduced in 2018 by the Allen Institute for AI (AI2) and the University of Washington
Executive Order 14110
Executive Order 14110, formally titled "Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence," was signed by President Joe Biden on October 30, 2023 and published in the Federal…
GloVe (Global Vectors for Word Representation)
GloVe (Global Vectors for Word Representation) is an unsupervised learning algorithm that turns words into dense numeric vectors by factorizing a word-word co-occurrence matrix built from a large text corpus.
GoogLeNet (Inception v1)
GoogLeNet, also known as Inception v1, is a 22-layer deep convolutional neural network introduced by Google researchers in 2014 that won the classification task of the ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition…
Google Brain
Google Brain was a machine learning research team at Google. It began in 2011 as a project at X, Google's research and development organization, and later operated within Google Research.
Google Glass
Google Glass was a head-mounted display built by Google, first shown publicly on 2012-04-04 as "Project Glass" and sold from April 2013 as the Glass Explorer Edition at $1,500 .
Health ChatGPT Plugins
Health ChatGPT plugins were a now-deprecated category of third-party tools that extended ChatGPT with capabilities for tracking nutrition, exercise, hydration, and habits, plus searching clinical trials and…
History of Artificial Intelligence
The history of artificial intelligence is the story of a scientific field that has cycled between extravagant promises, painful funding collapses, and genuine breakthroughs since the mid-twentieth century.
History of humanoid robots
The history of humanoid robots runs from pre-modern automata, such as the programmable musicians described by the Muslim engineer Al-Jazari around 1206 and Leonardo da Vinci's mechanical knight of about 1495…
Hopfield Network
A Hopfield network is a form of recurrent neural network that stores information as stable patterns in a system of interconnected binary units and retrieves it by content rather than by address.
Internet ChatGPT Plugins
Internet ChatGPT Plugins were third-party and first-party extensions inside the ChatGPT plugin store that let the assistant reach the live web, for example by browsing pages, reading a specific URL, searching…
Isaac Asimov
Isaac Asimov (officially born January 2, 1920, died April 6, 1992) was an American writer and biochemist whose science fiction gave robotics and AI ethics two of their most durable pieces of vocabulary: the…
John Hopfield
John Joseph Hopfield (born July 15, 1933) is an American physicist whose work spans condensed-matter physics, molecular biology, and the theory of neural computation.
John McCarthy
John McCarthy (September 4, 1927 to October 24, 2011) was an American computer scientist who coined the term "artificial intelligence" in 1955, organized the 1956 Dartmouth Conference that founded the field…
Knowledge representation and reasoning
Knowledge representation and reasoning (often abbreviated KR&R, or just KR) is the branch of artificial intelligence concerned with encoding facts about the world in a form a machine can manipulate, and with…
Legal ChatGPT Plugins
Legal ChatGPT Plugins were a category of third-party extensions for ChatGPT that connected the assistant to legislative trackers, regulatory feeds, statutory codes, court opinion databases, and contract review…
Leo Breiman
Leo Breiman (January 27, 1928 to July 5, 2005) was an American statistician at UC Berkeley whose work on tree-based prediction supplied machine learning with several of its most durable tools.
Lifestyle ChatGPT Plugins
Lifestyle ChatGPT Plugins were third party tools available inside the ChatGPT plugins marketplace that addressed everyday personal interests such as astrology, fashion, food, gardening, parenting, and…
Lisp
Lisp (historically LISP, an acronym for "LISt Processor") is a family of programming languages, specified in 1958 by John McCarthy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MYCIN
MYCIN was an early expert system built at Stanford University in the first half of the 1970s to help physicians diagnose bacterial infections and choose antibiotic therapy.
Microsoft HoloLens
Microsoft HoloLens was a self-contained mixed reality headset built by Microsoft and sold in two generations.
Movies
Artificial intelligence has been one of the most durable subjects in cinema since at least the 1920s, when Fritz Lang's Maschinenmensch in Metropolis (1927) set the template for the screen robot.
Multilayer Perceptron
A multilayer perceptron (MLP) is a feedforward neural network built from layers of fully connected units: an input layer, one or more hidden layers, and an output layer
Netflix Prize
The Netflix Prize was an open machine learning competition, run by Netflix from October 2, 2006 to September 21, 2009, that offered US$1,000,000 to the first team that could improve the accuracy of Netflix's…
Papers
The most influential AI research papers are the small set of publications that introduced the architectures, training methods, and benchmarks that every modern system is built on, from "Attention Is All You…
Peter Norvig
Peter Norvig is an American computer scientist known above all as co-author, with Stuart Russell, of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
Ray Kurzweil
Ray Kurzweil (born February 12, 1948) is an American inventor, futurist, and author.
Scheme
Scheme is a minimalist, multi-paradigm programming language and a dialect of Lisp, created in 1975 by Guy L. Steele Jr. and Gerald Jay Sussman at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
Sergey Brin
Sergey Brin is an American computer scientist who co-founded Google with Larry Page in 1998 and who, since 2023, has worked hands-on inside the company on its Gemini models without holding any executive title.
Space ChatGPT Plugins
Space ChatGPT plugins were a group of third-party tools that extended ChatGPT with the ability to fetch astronomical imagery, track the International Space Station, retrieve Mars rover photographs, query…
Strawberry (OpenAI codename)
Strawberry was the internal codename used at OpenAI for the research program that produced the o-series of reasoning models, most notably OpenAI o1.
Tay (chatbot)
Tay was an artificial intelligence chatbot that Microsoft released on Twitter on March 23, 2016 and suspended about 16 hours later, after users manipulated it into posting racist, misogynistic, and antisemitic…
Teleoperation
Teleoperation is the operation of a machine by a human at a distance, with commands carried over a communication link and the machine's cameras, microphones and force sensors standing in for the operator's own…
The Bitter Lesson
The Bitter Lesson is a short essay by Canadian-American computer scientist Richard S. Sutton, published on his personal blog at incompleteideas.net on March 13, 2019.
Transhumanism
Transhumanism is an intellectual and cultural movement that holds that the human condition can and should be fundamentally improved through science and technology, in particular through technologies that…