Thursday, July 23, 2026
- Honda ASIMOv6--- General information Honda Country of origin 2000 Year retired Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility Height 48 kg (106 lb) Degrees of freedom ...
- Galbot G1 Prov7--- Manufacturer China Year introduced In production (limited availability) Type Galbot G1 Premium Price galbot.com Category Galbot G1 Pro...
- Galaxea R1 Litev4The Galaxea R1 Lite is a compact wheeled dual-arm humanoid robot developed by Galaxea AI (also known as Galaxea Dynamics), a Chinese embodied AI and robotics...
- Galaxea R1v5The Galaxea R1 is a series of wheeled dual-arm humanoid robots developed by Galaxea AI (also known as Galaxea Dynamics), a Chinese embodied AI and robotics...
- Fourier GR-1v7--- General information Fourier Intelligence Country of origin 2023 Status $130,000 - $170,000 USD (estimated) Availability fftai.com Category ...
- HMND 01 Alpha Bipedalv6--- General information Humanoid (SKL Robotics Ltd) Country of origin December 2, 2025 Status $120,000 USD Height 90 kg / 198 lb Degrees of...
- Kinisi KR1v5--- Developer Humanoid robot (wheeled mobile manipulator) Also known as July 2025 Country of origin 162 cm (5 ft 4 in) Weight 21 Mobility 2.4...
- Holiday Robotics Fridayv8--- Manufacturer South Korea Year unveiled In development Price holiday-robotics.com Specification --- Height 115 kg Mobile base weight 15 kg...
- Hobbs W1v6--- Manufacturer China Year unveiled In production Model designation Wheeled humanoid (bionic face) Height 75 kg Degrees of freedom Commercial...
- HIVA Haiwav8--- Manufacturer RobotEra (Star Era Technology Co.) Country of origin 2025 Status Estimated $50,000 - $80,000 USD Website HIVA Haiwa is a wheeled...
- Fourier GR-2v5The Fourier GR-2 is a general-purpose humanoid robot unveiled on September 30, 2024 by Fourier Intelligence (now operating as Fourier), a Shanghai-based...
- Figure 02v9--- Developer Humanoid robot Generation August 6, 2024 Height 70 kg (154 lb) Degrees of Freedom 2,250 Wh; 5 hours runtime Walking Speed 20 kg...
- Pudu FlashBot Armv6--- General information Pudu Robotics Country of origin 2025 Status Available (Q1 2026 onward) Website The Pudu FlashBot Arm (stylized as PUDU...
- UBTECH Cruzr S2v7--- General information UBTECH Robotics Type China Introduced In production Height 50 - 80 kg (estimated) Degrees of freedom 2 m/s Payload ...
- DexBotv7--- Manufacturer China Year unveiled Prototype Availability DexBot is a dual-form humanoid robot platform developed jointly by Harbin Boshi...
- Noetix Dorav6--- Manufacturer China Year unveiled In production Height 20 kg (44 lb) Degrees of freedom 120 Nm Max speed NVIDIA Jetson Orin (8 GB VRAM, 40...
- AgiBot G2 Geniev4--- General information AgiBot Type October 16, 2025 Status $138,000 USD (purchase); from EUR 899/day (RaaS rental) Website The AgiBot G2 Genie is...
- Estun Codroid 02v6--- Developer Humanoid robot Generation Codroid 01 Unveiled China Height 70 kg (154 lb) excluding battery Degrees of Freedom 5 kg per arm ...
- Kepler Forerunner K1v6--- General information Kepler Robotics Country of origin November 2023 Generation Succeeded by K2 Bumblebee Price gotokepler.com Parameter ---...
- GENE.01v6--- General information Generative Bionics Country of origin 2026 Status $50,000 USD Commercial launch gbionics.ai Role Background ------ CEO...
- Figure 03v8Figure 03 is a third-generation general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Figure AI and unveiled on October 9, 2025, as the company's first robot designed...
- DEEP Robotics DR02v5--- DEEP Robotics Type 2nd (successor to DR01) Unveiled 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) Weight 31 Battery Life 1.5 m/s (5.4 km/h) Max Speed 20 kg total; 10...
- CASIVIBOTv8--- General information CASIVISION (Zhongke Huiyuan Vision Technology (Luoyang) Co., Ltd.) Type China (Luoyang, Henan) Unveiled June 2026 Status ...
- AEI Robot Alicev6--- Manufacturer South Korea Year unveiled In development / Pilot deployment Price Back order Website Alice is a series of humanoid robots...
- Ameca (robot)v7--- Developer Humanoid robot (social/expressive) Unveiled 187 cm (6 ft 2 in) Weight 61 total; 27 in face/head; 34 upper body Facial expressions ...
- Naver Labs Ambidexv9--- General information Naver Labs Country of origin 2017 Status Dual-arm cable-driven manipulator Website Naver Labs Ambidex (stylized as...
- AgiBot A2 Maxv6--- General information AgiBot Country of origin August 2024 Status Bipedal humanoid robot Price agibot.com/products/A2Max Specification ---...
- Apollo (Apptronik)v7--- General information Apptronik Country of origin 2023 Status 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) Weight 44 to 71 (configuration dependent) Payload capacity ...
- Agile Onev8--- General information Agile Robots SE Country of origin 2025 (announced); 2026 (production) Status $100,000 USD (estimated) Availability ...
- Tangible Robots Eggiev7--- Manufacturer United States Year revealed Prototype Price Pre-commercial prototype Locomotion tangiblerobots.ai AI Component --- Imitation...
- AgiBot X1v7--- General information AgiBot Also known as China Year introduced Available Price agibot.com/products/X1 Body Region Notes ------ Base joints ...
- Clone Alphav5--- Developer Musculoskeletal humanoid robot Country of origin Dhanush Radhakrishnan (CEO), Lukasz Kozlik (CTO) Year announced 170 cm (5 ft 7 in) ...
- Svaya Robotics Bimanualv5--- Manufacturer India Year introduced In production Type 17 total (7 per arm + 3 torso/head) Precision Cat4 / PLd (ISO 13849-1:2023) Protection...
- Borg 01v6--- Developer Humanoid robot Country of origin Late 2024 Release target 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) Weight 23 Payload capacity Dual-mode (bipedal +...
- Adam SPv6--- General information PNDbotics Country of origin In development / Early customer trials Year revealed $100,000 USD Website Adam SP is a...
- 1X EVEv61X EVE is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by 1X Technologies (formerly Halodi Robotics), a Norwegian-American robotics company founded in 2014. EVE is 1X's...
- AgiBot A2 Ultrav7--- General information AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics) Country of origin 2024 Status $109,995 USD (retail); quote-based for enterprise Certifications ...
- AgiBot A2v6--- General information AgiBot Country of origin August 2024 Status $100,000 - $190,000 USD Certifications agibot.com/products/A2 Specification ...
- AIDOLv5AIDOL --- General information AI Dynamic Organism Lab Country of origin 2025 Status Vladimir Vitukhin Team size $60,000 USD (estimated) ...
- TeknTrash ALPHAv5--- Developer Humanoid robot Full name United Kingdom Status 2025 Height 90 kg (198 lb) Degrees of freedom Up to 7 hours Arm payload NVIDIA...
- AgiBot X2v6The AgiBot X2, also known as the Lingxi X2 (灵犀X2), is a compact bipedal humanoid robot developed by AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics), a Shanghai-based Chinese...
- AgiBot A2-Wv7--- General information AgiBot Series Wheeled dual-arm manufacturing robot Country of origin August 2024 Status $150,000 - $190,000 USD...
- NEURA Robotics 4NE-1v7The NEURA Robotics 4NE-1 (pronounced "for anyone") is a cognitive humanoid robot built by the German company NEURA Robotics, headquartered in Metzingen, near...
- Hexagon AEONv6--- Developer Humanoid robot (wheeled) Unveiled 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) Weight 34 Top Speed 15 kg (short-term); 8 kg (continuous) Battery 22+ (RGB,...
- Agility Digitv7--- General information Agility Robotics Country of origin 2017 (v1); 2023 (commercial version) Status $250,000 USD (also available via RaaS) ...
- PNDbotics Adam Litev6--- General information PNDbotics Country of origin 2024 Status $120,000 USD Website PNDbotics Adam Lite is a full-size bipedal humanoid robot...
- ROBOTIS AI Workerv7--- General information ROBOTIS Country of origin 2025 Status Contact for quote Lead time Available (ships from Korea) Website The ROBOTIS AI...
- 4NE-1v6This article is a detailed summary. For an even fuller treatment, see also NEURA Robotics 4NE-1. --- NEURA Robotics Type Germany (Metzingen,...
- AgiBot A2 Litev6--- General information AgiBot Country of origin 2024 Status $44,560 USD Type store.agibot.com/products/a2-lite Body Part --- Neck 5 DOF (x2...
- SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)v6See also: explainable AI, feature importance, LIME, permutation feature importance SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) is a game-theoretic method that...
- Grokkingv5Grokking, also called delayed generalization, is a phenomenon in deep learning where a neural network first memorizes its training data (achieving near-perfect...
- LIMEv7LIME (Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations) is a technique for explaining individual predictions of any black-box machine learning classifier or...
- Double Descentv4Double descent is a phenomenon in machine learning and statistical learning theory in which a model's test error, plotted against increasing model complexity,...
- Discount Factorv5The discount factor, almost always written as the Greek letter (gamma), is a scalar hyperparameter in reinforcement learning that controls how much an agent...
- Singular value decompositionv8See also: principal component analysis, eigenvalue decomposition, linear algebra, matrix factorization, pseudoinverse, low-rank adaptation, Eckart-Young...
- Dimensionality reductionv6Dimensionality reduction is the process of transforming data from a high-dimensional space into a lower-dimensional representation that retains as much of the...
- t-SNEv8t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) is a nonlinear dimensionality reduction technique used primarily for visualizing high-dimensional data in...
- Direct Preference Optimization (DPO)v8Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a method for aligning large language models with human preferences that replaces the multi-stage reinforcement learning...
- Curse of Dimensionalityv6See also: Machine learning, Feature engineering, Dimensionality reduction The curse of dimensionality is the set of problems that arise when data has a large...
- Expectation-Maximization (EM) Algorithmv8The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is an iterative method for finding maximum likelihood or maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates of the parameters of...
- Estimator (tf.estimator)v5See also: TensorFlow, Keras, deep learning, machine learning tf.estimator is a high-level TensorFlow API that encapsulates the complete lifecycle of a machine...
- UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection)v5UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection) is a nonlinear dimensionality reduction technique that compresses high-dimensional data into a...
- Grad-CAMv5Grad-CAM (Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping) is a technique for producing visual explanations from convolutional neural network (CNN) models by using...
- Rejection samplingv5See also: Monte Carlo methods, Importance sampling, Markov chain Monte Carlo, Speculative decoding, Best-of-N sampling, Bayesian inference Rejection sampling,...
- Support Vector Machine (SVM)v6A support vector machine (SVM) is a supervised learning algorithm that classifies data by finding the optimal hyperplane that separates points into distinct...
- AdvBenchv6AdvBench (Adversarial Behavior Benchmark) is a red-teaming benchmark dataset for measuring how easily an aligned large language model can be pushed into...
- InfiniteBenchv7InfiniteBench (stylized as ∞Bench) is a long-context benchmark that tests whether large language models (LLMs) can genuinely process and reason over inputs...
- MACHIAVELLI (benchmark)v4MACHIAVELLI is a benchmark for evaluating the ethical behavior of AI agents in text-based interactive environments. Introduced in 2023 by Alexander Pan, Jun...
- EgoSchemav6EgoSchema is a diagnostic benchmark for evaluating very long-form video language understanding, introduced by Karttikeya Mangalam, Raiymbek Akshulakov, and...
- HarmBenchv5HarmBench is a standardized evaluation framework for automated red teaming and robust refusal of large language models (LLMs). It was introduced in 2024 by...
- RULER (benchmark)v6RULER: What's the Real Context Size of Your Long-Context Language Models? Abbreviation A synthetic benchmark for evaluating long-context large language...
- BBQ (Bias Benchmark for QA)v5BBQ (the Bias Benchmark for QA) is a hand-built evaluation dataset that measures whether a question answering (QA) language model relies on social stereotypes...
- JailbreakBenchv5JailbreakBench is an open-source robustness benchmark for evaluating jailbreak attacks and defenses against large language models (LLMs). It bundles four...
- LongBenchv8LongBench is a benchmark suite for evaluating the long-context understanding capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Developed by researchers at Tsinghua...
- Depthwise Separable CNNv4A depthwise separable convolution is a factorized form of convolution that decomposes a standard convolutional operation into two sequential steps: a depthwise...
- Earth Mover's Distancev7Earth Mover's Distance (EMD), also known as the Wasserstein-1 distance, Kantorovich-Rubinstein metric, or Mallows's distance, is a measure of dissimilarity...
- TPU Boardv5A TPU board (Tensor Processing Unit board) is a printed circuit board (PCB) that houses one or more Tensor Processing Unit chips along with associated memory,...
- SUPERBv4SUPERB, which stands for Speech processing Universal PERformance Benchmark, is a comprehensive evaluation framework designed to measure how well...
- ToxiGenv4ToxiGen is a large-scale, machine-generated dataset designed for adversarial and implicit hate speech detection. Created by Thomas Hartvigsen, Saadia Gabriel,...
- PR AUCv5See also: precision, recall, ROC curve, AUC, F1 score, confusion matrix, precision-recall curve PR AUC (Precision-Recall Area Under the Curve), also referred...
- Empirical Risk Minimizationv5Empirical risk minimization (ERM) is the foundational principle of statistical learning theory: because the true risk (the expected loss over the unknown data...
- Needle in a Haystack (NIAH)v7Needle in a Haystack (NIAH) is a long-context evaluation that measures whether a large language model can retrieve a single fact (the "needle") inserted at a...
- CRUXEvalv5CRUXEval (Code Reasoning, Understanding, and eXecution Evaluation) is a benchmark designed to measure how well large language models can reason about,...
- PIQAv7PIQA (Physical Interaction Question Answering) is a benchmark dataset of roughly 21,000 binary multiple-choice questions that evaluates the physical...
- IFEvalv6IFEval (Instruction-Following Evaluation) is a benchmark of 541 prompts that measures how reliably large language models obey explicit, machine-checkable...
- WritingBenchv5WritingBench is a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating the generative writing capabilities of large language models (LLMs) across diverse real-world writing...
- HaluEvalv4HaluEval (Hallucination Evaluation) is a large-scale benchmark for measuring how well large language models (LLMs) can recognize hallucinated content, that is,...
- LibriSpeechv5LibriSpeech is a freely available corpus of approximately 1,000 hours of 16 kHz read English speech that serves as the standard benchmark for training and...
- LAMBADAv5LAMBADA (LAnguage Modeling Broadened to Account for Discourse Aspects) is a benchmark dataset designed to evaluate the ability of computational language models...
- BIG-Bench Hardv7BIG-Bench Hard (BBH) is a suite of 23 challenging tasks drawn from the BIG-Bench benchmark, selected because they are "the [tasks] for which prior language...
- TruthfulQAv7TruthfulQA is a benchmark designed to measure whether large language models (LLMs) generate truthful answers to questions. Created by Stephanie Lin, Jacob...
- MMMU-Prov4MMMU-Pro is a rigorous benchmark for evaluating multimodal AI systems on college-level, expert questions that genuinely require seeing an image, built as a...
- CLIP Scorev7CLIP Score (also written CLIPScore or CLIP-S) is a reference-free automatic evaluation metric that measures how well a text caption matches an image, computed...
- MathVistav7MathVista is a benchmark for evaluating the mathematical reasoning capabilities of foundation models in visual contexts.[1] It was introduced by Pan Lu, Hritik...
- FLORES-200v5FLORES-200 is a multilingual evaluation benchmark for machine translation systems, covering 200 languages across a wide range of language families, scripts,...
- BoolQv4BoolQ (Boolean Questions) is a natural language processing benchmark dataset of 15,942 naturally occurring yes/no question answering examples, each pairing a...
- PubMedQAv6PubMedQA is a biomedical question answering dataset and benchmark that evaluates whether machine learning models can answer yes/no/maybe research questions...
- GAIA benchmarkv6GAIA (General AI Assistants) is a benchmark for evaluating general-purpose AI agents and assistants on real-world tasks that require reasoning, web browsing,...
- LegalBenchv7LegalBench is a collaboratively constructed benchmark for measuring legal reasoning in large language models (LLMs), consisting of 162 tasks that span six...
- ZebraLogicv6ZebraLogic is a benchmark for evaluating the logical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Developed by researchers at the Allen Institute...
