RobotEra L7
The RobotEra L7 (Chinese: 星动 L7, Xingdong L7) is a full-size bipedal humanoid robot developed by Beijing-based RobotEra (星动纪元), a Tsinghua University spin-off founded in August 2023.
Explore robots, the companies building them, and the methods used to sense, learn, and act.
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The RobotEra L7 (Chinese: 星动 L7, Xingdong L7) is a full-size bipedal humanoid robot developed by Beijing-based RobotEra (星动纪元), a Tsinghua University spin-off founded in August 2023.
The Robotera Star1 (stylized as STAR1) is a full-size, general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Robotera (Beijing Robot Era Technology Co., Ltd.), a Chinese robotics startup incubated by Tsinghua University.
Robotics is the interdisciplinary study and engineering of robots: embodied machines whose mechanisms, sensors, computation, and actuators are organized to perform tasks in the physical world.
Robotics as a Service (RaaS), also written robots-as-a-service or robot-as-a-service, is a business model in which a provider supplies robots together with the software, connectivity, maintenance, and support…
Robust AI (styled Robust.AI) is an American robotics company founded in 2019 and headquartered in San Carlos, California.
Rochu Robotics (Chinese: 苏州柔触机器人科技有限公司, branded ROCHU) is a Chinese robotics company that develops soft end effectors for industrial automation.
A rolling-element bearing is a machine component that lets one part rotate or pivot against another while carrying load, typically a shaft turning inside a housing, by placing hardened balls or rollers between…
A rotary encoder is an electromechanical sensor that measures the angular position, direction, and speed of a rotating shaft and converts that motion into an electrical signal a controller can read.
DUCO (an acronym for DO UNIQUE COBOT) is the collaborative robot (cobot) brand of SIASUN Robot & Automation Co., Ltd., one of China's largest robotics companies.
Songxing (Chinese: 松行, literally "Pine Walk") is a bipedal humanoid robot developed by SIASUN Robot & Automation Co., Ltd., one of China's largest and most established robotics companies.
SIMPLER (Simulated Manipulation Policy Evaluation for Real Robot Setups) is a collection of simulated robot manipulation environments, released in 2024
The SO-101 (Standard Open Arm 101) is a low-cost, open-source, 3D-printable robot arm designed by The Robot Studio in collaboration with Hugging Face and published in the TheRobotStudio/SO-ARM100 repository…
SONIC, short for Supersizing mOtion tracking for Natural humanoId Control, is a physics-based whole-body motion tracking and control system developed by Nvidia.
SUPCON Technology Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 中控技术; pinyin: Zhōngkòng Jìshù), formally Zhejiang Supcon Technology Co., Ltd., is a Chinese industrial automation and industrial artificial intelligence company…
Sanctuary AI (formally Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation) is a Canadian artificial intelligence and robotics company headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia
Sarcomere Dynamics Inc. is a Canadian robotics company based in St. Albert, Alberta that designs compact, high-dexterity robotic hands sold under the ARTUS brand.
Satyress is a small robotics company based in Auburn, California, that is developing Threehalves, a teleoperated centaur-form machine: a humanlike torso and arms mounted on a four-legged base.
Sebastian Thrun (born May 14, 1967) is a German-American computer scientist, roboticist, and entrepreneur best known for leading the Stanford team that won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge with the autonomous…
Sensor fusion is the process of combining data from multiple sensors, often of different types, to produce information that is more accurate, complete, or reliable than any single sensor could provide on its…
Sergey Levine is an American computer scientist, associate professor of electrical engineering and computer sciences at the University of California, Berkeley, and a co-founder of Physical Intelligence
A series elastic actuator (SEA) is an actuator with an intentionally compliant element in the mechanical force path between its power source and its load.
A service robot is a robot that performs useful tasks for humans or equipment, excluding industrial automation applications, according to the international vocabulary standard ISO 8373:2021.
A servo motor is a motor operated inside a closed feedback loop: a controller sends a target position, speed, or torque, a sensor, typically a rotary encoder, reports what the motor actually did, and the…
The Shadow Robot Company is a British robotics firm based in London that designs and builds anthropomorphic dexterous hands and teleoperation systems for research.
Sharpa North is a general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Sharpa, a Singapore-headquartered artificial intelligence robotics company founded by the three co-founders of Hesai Technology.
Shenzhen Robot Valley (Chinese: 机器人谷) is a robotics industry cluster in the Nanshan District of Shenzhen, China, concentrated along a roughly 10-kilometer corridor of Liuxian Avenue in the narrow valley…
Siemens AG is a German multinational technology conglomerate, headquartered in Munich, that is the largest industrial manufacturing company in Europe by revenue and one of the world's leading providers of…
Sim-to-real transfer (also written as sim2real) is the process of training a policy, controller, or perception model inside a physics simulator and deploying it on a physical robot in the real world without…
Simulation in artificial intelligence and robotics is the use of computational physics, rendering, and procedural environments to recreate a synthetic version of a physical or virtual world inside which AI…
Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is the computational problem of building a map of an unknown environment while at the same time estimating the position of a sensor, vehicle, or agent moving…
Skild AI is a robotics artificial intelligence company building a general-purpose foundation model for physical embodiments
The SkyWalker 2 (Chinese: 天行者2号, Tianxingzhe 2 Hao) is a full-size humanoid robot built by EIR Technology
Skydio is an American drone manufacturer based in San Mateo, California, that builds autonomous flying robots guided by onboard computer vision rather than manual piloting.
SmolVLA (Small Vision-Language-Action) is a compact, open-source vision-language-action model (VLA) for robotics developed by Hugging Face and released in June 2025.
A social robot is an autonomous or semi-autonomous robot designed to interact and communicate with humans (and sometimes with other robots) by following social behaviors and rules attached to its role.
Sophia is a social humanoid robot developed by the Hong Kong company Hanson Robotics, activated on February 14, 2016, and best known for its expressive, human-like face and for becoming, on October 25, 2017
The Moz1 is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by Spirit AI (Chinese: 千寻智能, Qianxun Intelligence), a robotics startup headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Spot is a quadruped robot developed by Boston Dynamics, a four-legged, all-electric mobile platform marketed as "the agile mobile robot" for automating sensing and inspection in industrial environments .
Standard Bots is an American robotics company that designs and builds AI-powered six-axis robotic arms for factory automation.
A stepper motor (also called a stepping motor) is an electric motor that converts a sequence of electrical pulses into discrete mechanical steps rather than smooth continuous rotation.
Steve is a 210 cm (6 ft 11 in) social humanoid robot built by Belgian robot designer Jan De Coster for Brightfish, Belgium's leading cinema advertising company, and deployed as a character host in Belgian…
MEMO is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by Sunday Robotics (commonly known as Sunday), an American artificial intelligence and robotics startup based in Mountain View, California.
A surgical robot is a computer-controlled robotic system used to assist surgeons during medical procedures.
The Svaya Robotics Bimanual is a semi-humanoid, dual-arm collaborative robot designed and manufactured by Svaya Robotics, an Indian robotics company headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana.
The SwitchBot Onero H1 (stylized as onero H1) is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by SwitchBot, a Chinese smart home technology company known for its line of affordable home automation products.
T-Rex: Tactile-Reactive Dexterous Manipulation is a 2026 robot learning research system for contact-rich, bimanual manipulation.
TALOS is a full-size, torque-controlled humanoid robot developed by PAL Robotics of Barcelona, Spain, and first presented in February 2017 as a research platform targeted at industrial applications.
TARA GEN1 (sometimes written as Tara Gen-1) is a semi-humanoid robot developed by iHub Robotics, a deep tech startup based in Kochi, Kerala, India.
TARS is a series of humanoid robots developed by TARS Robotics (Chinese: 它石智航), a Beijing and Shanghai-based embodied AI startup founded in February 2025.
THEMIS V2 is a full-size bipedal humanoid robot developed by Westwood Robotics, a Los Angeles-based robotics company founded in 2018 by former members of the Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory (RoMeLa) at the…
TIAGo (Take It And Go) is a modular mobile manipulator service robot developed by PAL Robotics, a Spanish robotics company headquartered in Barcelona.
TM Xplore I (also written as TM Xplore 1) is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by Techman Robot, a Taiwanese collaborative robot manufacturer and subsidiary of Quanta Computer.
TORA DoubleOne (stylized as TORA-DOUBLE ONE) is a wheeled humanoid robot built around multi-dimensional tactile sensing and developed by PaXini Technology
Tactile sensing is the technology that gives robots a sense of touch: the ability to measure the physical contact between a robot and the world, including contact force, pressure distribution, shear, slip…
Eggie is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by Tangible Robots, a robotics startup based in Palo Alto, California.
ALPHA (short for Automated Litter Processing Humanoid Assistant) is a humanoid robot developed by TeknTrash Robotics, a United Kingdom-based company specializing in AI-powered robotics and motion intelligence…
Teleoperation is the operation of a machine by a human at a distance, with commands carried over a communication link and the machine's cameras, microphones and force sensors standing in for the operator's own…
Tendon-driven actuation (also called cable-driven actuation) is a method of moving a robot's joints by pulling on thin, flexible cables (the "tendons") that run from motors mounted somewhere else on the…
The Tesla Cybercab is a two-seat, battery-electric robotaxi built by Tesla, Inc. for its Robotaxi ride-hailing service.
Tesla Optimus, originally announced as Tesla Bot, is a humanoid robot program at Tesla.