Robotics

Explore robots, the companies building them, and the methods used to sense, learn, and act.

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RobotEra L7

The RobotEra L7 (Chinese: 星动 L7, Xingdong L7) is a full-size bipedal humanoid robot developed by Beijing-based RobotEra (星动纪元), a Tsinghua University spin-off founded in August 2023.

Chinese AIEmbodied AI

Robotera Star1

The Robotera Star1 (stylized as STAR1) is a full-size, general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Robotera (Beijing Robot Era Technology Co., Ltd.), a Chinese robotics startup incubated by Tsinghua University.

Humanoid Robots

Robotics

Robotics is the interdisciplinary study and engineering of robots: embodied machines whose mechanisms, sensors, computation, and actuators are organized to perform tasks in the physical world.

AI HardwareArtificial Intelligence

Robotics as a Service

Robotics as a Service (RaaS), also written robots-as-a-service or robot-as-a-service, is a business model in which a provider supplies robots together with the software, connectivity, maintenance, and support…

Artificial Intelligence

Robust AI

Robust AI (styled Robust.AI) is an American robotics company founded in 2019 and headquartered in San Carlos, California.

AI Companies

Rolling-element bearing

A rolling-element bearing is a machine component that lets one part rotate or pivot against another while carrying load, typically a shaft turning inside a housing, by placing hardened balls or rollers between…

AI Hardware

Rotary encoder

A rotary encoder is an electromechanical sensor that measures the angular position, direction, and speed of a rotating shaft and converts that motion into an electrical signal a controller can read.

AI Hardware

SIASUN DUCO

DUCO (an acronym for DO UNIQUE COBOT) is the collaborative robot (cobot) brand of SIASUN Robot & Automation Co., Ltd., one of China's largest robotics companies.

Humanoid Robots

SIASUN Songxing

Songxing (Chinese: 松行, literally "Pine Walk") is a bipedal humanoid robot developed by SIASUN Robot & Automation Co., Ltd., one of China's largest and most established robotics companies.

Humanoid Robots

SIMPLER

SIMPLER (Simulated Manipulation Policy Evaluation for Real Robot Setups) is a collection of simulated robot manipulation environments, released in 2024

AI Benchmarks

SO-101

The SO-101 (Standard Open Arm 101) is a low-cost, open-source, 3D-printable robot arm designed by The Robot Studio in collaboration with Hugging Face and published in the TheRobotStudio/SO-ARM100 repository…

Embodied AIOpen Source AI

SUPCON Technology

SUPCON Technology Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 中控技术; pinyin: Zhōngkòng Jìshù), formally Zhejiang Supcon Technology Co., Ltd., is a Chinese industrial automation and industrial artificial intelligence company…

AI CompaniesChinese AI

Sanctuary AI

Sanctuary AI (formally Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation) is a Canadian artificial intelligence and robotics company headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia

AI CompaniesHumanoid Robots

Satyress

Satyress is a small robotics company based in Auburn, California, that is developing Threehalves, a teleoperated centaur-form machine: a humanlike torso and arms mounted on a four-legged base.

AI CompaniesRobotics Companies

Sebastian Thrun

Sebastian Thrun (born May 14, 1967) is a German-American computer scientist, roboticist, and entrepreneur best known for leading the Stanford team that won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge with the autonomous…

Autonomous VehiclesPeople

Sensor fusion

Sensor fusion is the process of combining data from multiple sensors, often of different types, to produce information that is more accurate, complete, or reliable than any single sensor could provide on its…

Machine Learning

Sergey Levine

Sergey Levine is an American computer scientist, associate professor of electrical engineering and computer sciences at the University of California, Berkeley, and a co-founder of Physical Intelligence

PeopleReinforcement Learning

Series Elastic Actuator

A series elastic actuator (SEA) is an actuator with an intentionally compliant element in the mechanical force path between its power source and its load.

Robot Hardware

Service robot

A service robot is a robot that performs useful tasks for humans or equipment, excluding industrial automation applications, according to the international vocabulary standard ISO 8373:2021.

Servo motor

A servo motor is a motor operated inside a closed feedback loop: a controller sends a target position, speed, or torque, a sensor, typically a rotary encoder, reports what the motor actually did, and the…

AI Hardware

Sharpa North

Sharpa North is a general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Sharpa, a Singapore-headquartered artificial intelligence robotics company founded by the three co-founders of Hesai Technology.

Humanoid Robots

Shenzhen Robot Valley

Shenzhen Robot Valley (Chinese: 机器人谷) is a robotics industry cluster in the Nanshan District of Shenzhen, China, concentrated along a roughly 10-kilometer corridor of Liuxian Avenue in the narrow valley…

Chinese AIEmbodied AI

Siemens

Siemens AG is a German multinational technology conglomerate, headquartered in Munich, that is the largest industrial manufacturing company in Europe by revenue and one of the world's leading providers of…

AI CompaniesEnterprise AI

Sim-to-real transfer

Sim-to-real transfer (also written as sim2real) is the process of training a policy, controller, or perception model inside a physics simulator and deploying it on a physical robot in the real world without…

Reinforcement Learning

Skild AI

Skild AI is a robotics artificial intelligence company building a general-purpose foundation model for physical embodiments

AI CompaniesAI Models

SkyWalker 2

The SkyWalker 2 (Chinese: 天行者2号, Tianxingzhe 2 Hao) is a full-size humanoid robot built by EIR Technology

Humanoid Robots

Skydio

Skydio is an American drone manufacturer based in San Mateo, California, that builds autonomous flying robots guided by onboard computer vision rather than manual piloting.

AI CompaniesComputer Vision

SmolVLA

SmolVLA (Small Vision-Language-Action) is a compact, open-source vision-language-action model (VLA) for robotics developed by Hugging Face and released in June 2025.

AI HardwareAI Models

Social Robot

A social robot is an autonomous or semi-autonomous robot designed to interact and communicate with humans (and sometimes with other robots) by following social behaviors and rules attached to its role.

Sophia (robot)

Sophia is a social humanoid robot developed by the Hong Kong company Hanson Robotics, activated on February 14, 2016, and best known for its expressive, human-like face and for becoming, on October 25, 2017

Humanoid Robots

Spirit AI Moz1

The Moz1 is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by Spirit AI (Chinese: 千寻智能, Qianxun Intelligence), a robotics startup headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.

Humanoid Robots

Spot (robot)

Spot is a quadruped robot developed by Boston Dynamics, a four-legged, all-electric mobile platform marketed as "the agile mobile robot" for automating sensing and inspection in industrial environments .

Standard Bots

Standard Bots is an American robotics company that designs and builds AI-powered six-axis robotic arms for factory automation.

AI Companies

Stepper motor

A stepper motor (also called a stepping motor) is an electric motor that converts a sequence of electrical pulses into discrete mechanical steps rather than smooth continuous rotation.

AI Hardware

Sulu.be Steve

Steve is a 210 cm (6 ft 11 in) social humanoid robot built by Belgian robot designer Jan De Coster for Brightfish, Belgium's leading cinema advertising company, and deployed as a character host in Belgian…

Humanoid Robots

Sunday Robotics MEMO

MEMO is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by Sunday Robotics (commonly known as Sunday), an American artificial intelligence and robotics startup based in Mountain View, California.

Humanoid Robots

Svaya Robotics Bimanual

The Svaya Robotics Bimanual is a semi-humanoid, dual-arm collaborative robot designed and manufactured by Svaya Robotics, an Indian robotics company headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana.

Humanoid Robots

SwitchBot Onero H1

The SwitchBot Onero H1 (stylized as onero H1) is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by SwitchBot, a Chinese smart home technology company known for its line of affordable home automation products.

Humanoid Robots

TALOS (robot)

TALOS is a full-size, torque-controlled humanoid robot developed by PAL Robotics of Barcelona, Spain, and first presented in February 2017 as a research platform targeted at industrial applications.

Humanoid Robots

TARA GEN1

TARA GEN1 (sometimes written as Tara Gen-1) is a semi-humanoid robot developed by iHub Robotics, a deep tech startup based in Kochi, Kerala, India.

Humanoid Robots

TARS (robot)

TARS is a series of humanoid robots developed by TARS Robotics (Chinese: 它石智航), a Beijing and Shanghai-based embodied AI startup founded in February 2025.

Humanoid Robots

THEMIS V2

THEMIS V2 is a full-size bipedal humanoid robot developed by Westwood Robotics, a Los Angeles-based robotics company founded in 2018 by former members of the Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory (RoMeLa) at the…

Humanoid Robots

TIAGo (PAL Robotics)

TIAGo (Take It And Go) is a modular mobile manipulator service robot developed by PAL Robotics, a Spanish robotics company headquartered in Barcelona.

TM Xplore 1

TM Xplore I (also written as TM Xplore 1) is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by Techman Robot, a Taiwanese collaborative robot manufacturer and subsidiary of Quanta Computer.

Humanoid Robots

TORA DoubleOne

TORA DoubleOne (stylized as TORA-DOUBLE ONE) is a wheeled humanoid robot built around multi-dimensional tactile sensing and developed by PaXini Technology

Humanoid Robots

Tactile sensing

Tactile sensing is the technology that gives robots a sense of touch: the ability to measure the physical contact between a robot and the world, including contact force, pressure distribution, shear, slip…

Embodied AIRobot Hardware

TeknTrash ALPHA

ALPHA (short for Automated Litter Processing Humanoid Assistant) is a humanoid robot developed by TeknTrash Robotics, a United Kingdom-based company specializing in AI-powered robotics and motion intelligence…

Humanoid Robots

Teleoperation

Teleoperation is the operation of a machine by a human at a distance, with commands carried over a communication link and the machine's cameras, microphones and force sensors standing in for the operator's own…

AI HistoryEmbodied AI

Tendon-driven actuation

Tendon-driven actuation (also called cable-driven actuation) is a method of moving a robot's joints by pulling on thin, flexible cables (the "tendons") that run from motors mounted somewhere else on the…

Robot Hardware