Humanoid robot applications
Humanoid robot applications span a growing range of industries and use cases where the human-like form factor provides distinct advantages over traditional fixed-base or wheeled robots.
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Humanoid robot autonomy levels
Humanoid robot autonomy levels describe a graduated framework for classifying the degree of independent operation that a humanoid robot can achieve.
Humanoid robot deployments
Humanoid robot deployment refers to the placement of full-size or general-purpose humanoid robots into real operating environments: factories, warehouses, retail floors, research laboratories, and public…
Humanoid robot manufacturers
Humanoid robot manufacturers are companies that design, develop, and produce humanoid robots.
Humanoid robot market
The humanoid robot market is the global commercial ecosystem for designing, manufacturing, selling, and deploying humanoid robots, robots built to resemble and replicate human body structure and movement.
Hydra-0
Hydra-0 is an experimental world model for robot manipulation that represents actions as trajectories of visible points in an image.
Hyundai
Hyundai Motor Group is the South Korean automotive conglomerate that owns an 80 percent controlling stake in Boston Dynamics, making it the parent of the Atlas humanoid robot program and one of the most…
IGRIS-C
IGRIS-C is a compact humanoid robot developed by South Korean robotics company Robros.
Imitation Learning
Imitation learning is a family of methods for learning sequential behavior from demonstrations.
Index (Figure AI)
Index is a proprietary data-collection program and mobile application operated by Figure AI.
Industrial robot
An industrial robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator programmable in three or more axes, which can be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation…
Inertial Measurement Unit
An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is an electronic device that measures a body's specific force and angular rate
Inspire Robots
Beijing Inspire-Robots Technology Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 北京因时机器人科技有限公司; trading as Inspire Robots or 因时机器人) is a Chinese robotics-component maker, founded in Beijing in 2016, that produces micro linear servo…
Intel RealSense D555
The Intel RealSense D555 (also branded simply as RealSense D555 PoE) is a stereoscopic depth camera announced in mid-2025 that is the first product in the RealSense D400 family to integrate Power over Ethernet…
Isaac Asimov
Isaac Asimov (officially born January 2, 1920, died April 6, 1992) was an American writer and biochemist whose science fiction gave robotics and AI ethics two of their most durable pieces of vocabulary: the…
Isaac GR00T N1.5
Isaac GR00T N1.5 is an open vision-language-action model from NVIDIA built as a generalist foundation model for humanoid robots.
JAKA K1
The JAKA K1 (also written as JAKA K-1) is a humanoid robot developed by JAKA Robotics, a Chinese collaborative robot (cobot) manufacturer headquartered in Shanghai.
JAKA Robotics
JAKA Robotics (Chinese: 节卡机器人), formally Shanghai JAKA Robotics Ltd., is a Chinese robotics company founded in 2014 and headquartered in Shanghai, China.
Jeff Hawke
Jeff Hawke (published as Jeffrey Hawke) is a New Zealand robotics and machine learning engineer who is the co-founder and chief technology officer of Odyssey
Jetson Thor
NVIDIA Jetson Thor (also marketed as Jetson AGX Thor) is a Blackwell architecture edge AI computing module developed by NVIDIA that delivers up to 2,070 FP4 teraflops of AI compute in a 40 to 130 watt power…
K-Bot
K-Bot is an open-source bipedal humanoid robot developed by K-Scale Labs, a Y Combinator-backed robotics startup based in Palo Alto, California.
K-Humanoid Alliance
The K-Humanoid Alliance (Korean: 케이-휴머노이드 연합) is a South Korean industry-academia-government consortium for developing humanoid robots and the artificial intelligence that controls them.
KAPEX
KAPEX is a full-size bipedal humanoid robot jointly developed by LG Electronics, LG AI Research, and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), and powered by LG's EXAONE vision-language AI.
KEENON Robotics
KEENON Robotics (Chinese: 擎朗智能, also known as Keenon) is a Chinese robotics company headquartered in Shanghai, China that builds autonomous commercial service robots for the hospitality, healthcare, retail…
Kalman Filter
The Kalman filter is a recursive algorithm that estimates the hidden state of a dynamic system from a sequence of noisy measurements.
Karol Hausman
Karol Hausman is a roboticist and entrepreneur who is the co-founder and chief executive officer of Physical Intelligence, a San Francisco startup founded in 2024 that builds foundation models for robotics.
Kawada Robotics
Kawada Robotics Corporation (川田ロボティクス) is a Japanese manufacturer of industrial and humanoid robots, best known for the Nextage dual-arm collaborative robot and for building several of the full-size humanoid…
Kawasaki Robotics
Kawasaki Robotics is the industrial-robotics business of Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd., the Japanese heavy-engineering and transportation conglomerate.
Keenon XMAN-R1
The Keenon XMAN-R1 is a humanoid service robot built by KEENON Robotics, a Shanghai-based commercial robotics company, and unveiled on March 31, 2025.
Kepler Forerunner D1
The Kepler Forerunner D1 is a dexterity-focused, general-purpose humanoid robot unveiled by the Shanghai company Kepler Robotics at CES 2024, the "Da Vinci" of the three-model Forerunner lineup, optimized for…
Kepler Forerunner K1
The Kepler Forerunner K1 is a full-sized general-purpose humanoid robot introduced in November 2023 by Kepler Robotics (Shanghai Kepler Exploration Robot Co., Ltd.), a Chinese company based in Shanghai.
Kepler Forerunner S1
The Kepler Forerunner S1 is an agility-focused general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Chinese robotics company Kepler Robotics (Shanghai Kepler Exploration Robot Co., Ltd.) and unveiled at CES 2024 in Las…
Kepler K2 Bumblebee
The Kepler K2 Bumblebee (also called the Forerunner K2) is a general-purpose humanoid robot built by Chinese company Kepler Robotics (Shanghai Kepler Exploration Robot Co.
Kind Humanoid
Kind Humanoid was a small American robotics startup based in Palo Alto, California, that set out to build an expressive, general-purpose bipedal humanoid robot for the home and for healthcare.
Kinisi 01
The Kinisi 01, also designated the KR1, is a wheeled humanoid robot developed by Kinisi Robotics for warehouse automation, logistics, and light manufacturing.
Kinisi KR1
The Kinisi KR1, also marketed as the Kinisi 01, is a wheeled mobile manipulator (a humanoid-style upper body mounted on an omnidirectional wheeled base) developed by Kinisi Robotics for warehouse automation…
Kuavo-5
Kuavo-5 is the fifth-generation humanoid robot in the Kuavo series developed by Leju Robotics (officially Leju Intelligence (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.), a Chinese robotics company headquartered in Shenzhen.
Kuka
Kuka AG is a German manufacturer of industrial robots and factory automation systems based in Augsburg, Bavaria, and one of the four dominant industrial-robot makers worldwide alongside FANUC, ABB, and Yaskawa.
Kyber Labs
Kyber Labs is a United States robotics startup, based in Brooklyn, New York, that builds a low-cost, high-speed
LG CLOiD
LG CLOiD is an AI-powered home robot developed by LG Electronics and unveiled at CES 2026 on January 5, 2026, designed to automate household chores such as cooking, laundry, and cleaning.
LIBERO
LIBERO ("LIfelong learning BEnchmark on RObot manipulation tasks") is an AI benchmark for studying knowledge transfer in lifelong robot learning.
Lanxin VB1-I
The Lanxin VB1-I is a wheeled humanoid robot and mobile manipulator developed by Lanxin Robotics (Hangzhou Lanxin Technology Co., Ltd.), a Chinese 3D vision company headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
Lanxin VB2
The Lanxin VB2 is a wheeled humanoid robot built by Lanxin Robotics (Hangzhou Lanxin Technology Co., Ltd.), a Chinese 3D machine-vision company in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
Large Behavior Model
A Large Behavior Model (LBM) is a single neural network for robotics that is pretrained on large, diverse datasets of robot demonstrations and outputs robot actions
LeRobot
LeRobot is an open-source, PyTorch-native library for end-to-end real-world robot learning developed by Hugging Face and a global community of contributors, often described as the "Transformers for robotics"…
Leadscrew
A leadscrew (also written lead screw, and sometimes called a power screw) converts rotary motion into linear motion using a threaded shaft and a matching internally threaded nut that slide directly against…
Leju Kuavo-my
The Kuavo-MY is a full-size bipedal humanoid robot and open embodied-AI development platform built by Leju Robotics (officially Leju Intelligence (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.)
Leju Robotics
Leju Robotics (Chinese: 乐聚机器人; pinyin: Lèjù Jīqìrén), legally registered as Leju Intelligence (Shenzhen) Co.
LiDAR
LiDAR is an active optical sensing method that estimates distance from transmitted laser light and its return from a target.
LimX CL-1
The LimX CL-1 is a bipedal humanoid robot unveiled in December 2023 by LimX Dynamics, a Shenzhen-based Chinese robotics startup, and it became one of the first humanoid platforms in the world to climb stairs…
LimX Oli
LimX Oli is a full-size, general-purpose humanoid robot developed by LimX Dynamics, a Shenzhen-based robotics company specializing in embodied AI.
LingBot-VLA 2.0
LingBot-VLA 2.0 is a 6-billion-parameter vision-language-action model developed by Robbyant, the embodied-intelligence unit of Ant Group.
Lingbao CASBOT
Lingbao CASBOT (Chinese: 灵宝CASBOT) is the humanoid robot brand of Beijing Zhongke Huiling Robot Technology Co.
Linkerbot
Linkerbot, registered in China as 灵心巧手（北京）科技有限公司 (Lingxin Qiaoshou Beijing Technology Co., Ltd.), is a Beijing-based robotics company founded in 2023 by Zhou Yong (Alex Zhou) that designs and mass-produces…
Lumo-2
Lumo-2 is a 4B-scale robot-learning model developed by Astribot. Astribot describes it as a latent world-action model: instead of rendering a future video before acting, it predicts an action-relevant…
Lumos LUS 2
The Lumos LUS 2 (often written as LUS2) is a full-size, general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Lumos Robotics, a Shenzhen-based Chinese robotics startup founded in September 2024.
Lumos NIX
The Lumos NIX is a compact, child-sized humanoid robot developed by Lumos Robotics, a Shenzhen-based Chinese robotics startup founded in September 2024.
Lyte
Lyte is an American end-to-end integrated perception company for robotics and physical AI, founded in 2021 and headquartered in Mountain View, California.
MATRIX-3
MATRIX-3 is a third-generation general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Matrix Robotics (formally Shanghai Matrix Superintelligent System Integration Co., Ltd.), a robotics and artificial intelligence…
MagicBot G1
The MagicBot G1 (also called MagicBot Gen1) is a full-size, general-purpose humanoid robot built by MagicLab (legally Magic Atom Robotics Technology), a Chinese robotics startup based in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province.