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Humanoid RobotsRobotics

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This is a list of humanoid robots: robots built with a human-like body plan that have been publicly shown as working machines. It covers 162 robots, from Westinghouse's Elektro, a show robot at the 1939 New York World's Fair,[1] and Waseda University's WABOT-1 of 1973, which Waseda describes as widely considered the first full-scale humanoid,[2] to models unveiled in 2026. For the technology, history and economics of the field, see humanoid robot, history of humanoid robots, humanoid robot manufacturers, humanoid robot market and humanoid robot deployments.

A blue and black humanoid robot with a round ring-lit head standing in front of a soccer goal in a brightly lit showroom.
Boston Dynamics' electric Atlas on display at Hyundai Motorstudio Goyang, South Korea, in July 2026. Damian B Oh, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.

The list is divided into three tables: early and research humanoids (robots first shown before 2016, plus research platforms from universities, public laboratories and corporate research divisions of any year), commercial humanoids from developers outside mainland China and Hong Kong, and commercial humanoids from developers in mainland China and Hong Kong. Within each table, robots are sorted by the year they were first shown publicly. Where a model line changed substantially between generations, each generation has its own row.

Inclusion criteria

A robot is listed if it has at least a torso, a head or head-like sensor unit, and two arms, and moves on either two legs (bipedal) or a mobile base (wheeled); a few stationary, seated, stanchion-mounted or track-mounted machines are listed as "Other". Single arms, quadrupeds, exoskeletons, head-only androids, fictional robots and computer-generated concepts are excluded, as are robots that have only been announced without a working machine being shown. Every row cites at least one source: the developer's own announcement or specification page, a peer-reviewed paper, or reputable press coverage.

The list is curated rather than exhaustive. Several hundred companies and laboratories have built humanoid prototypes, and robots were left out when their unveiling date, body plan or basic details could not be confirmed from a reliable source.

How to read the tables

  • Year is the year the robot was first shown publicly.
  • Height, mass and degrees of freedom (DoF) are the figures published by the developer or in the cited source for that specific version, converted to metric where the source gives imperial units; a hyphen means no figure was found in a reliable source. DoF counts are not standardized across developers (some count hand joints, some do not), so they are not directly comparable.
  • Status is as of 28 October 2026. "Research platform" means a robot used mainly in laboratories; "Pilot deployments" means paid or trial use at customer sites; "Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)" means no reliable source on its current status was found.
  • Linked names lead to the AI Wiki article on that robot or developer.

Early and research humanoids

RobotDeveloperCountryYearLocomotionHeight (cm)Mass (kg)DoFStatus (Oct. 2026)Notes
ElektroWestinghouse Electric (Mansfield, Ohio plant)United States1939Other210118-Museum exhibitVoice-command show robot at the 1939 New York World's Fair; it 'walked' on wheels along a track. Displayed at Mansfield Memorial Museum. [1]
WABOT-1Waseda University (Ichiro Kato)Japan1973Bipedal---On display (Waseda)Waseda says it is widely considered the world's first full-scale humanoid; it walked on two legs, grasped objects and spoke simple Japanese. [2]
WABOT-2Waseda University (Ichiro Kato)Japan1984Other---Preserved (Waseda)Read sheet music and played an electronic organ with hands and feet; shown at Expo '85 in Tsukuba. [2]
Honda P2HondaJapan1996Bipedal182210-PrototypeAnnounced December 1996; Honda says it carried its computers, batteries and wireless gear in the torso, walking and climbing stairs untethered. [3]
Honda P3HondaJapan1997Bipedal160130-PrototypeCompleted September 1997 as a smaller, lighter fully independent bipedal humanoid; ASIMO was developed from it. [3][4]
ARMAR (ARMAR-I)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (H2T)Germany2000Wheeled--25Superseded (ARMAR-II, 2002)KIT's first humanoid: two 7-DOF arms, a 4-DOF body and a 3-DOF head on a wheeled mobile platform. (IEEE Spectrum dates it to 1999.) [5][6]
ASIMO (2000 version)HondaJapan2000Bipedal1204326Superseded (new ASIMO, 2002)Announced 20 November 2000 with 43 kg mass per Honda's release; Honda announced a new ASIMO in 2002. Miraikan demonstrations ended March 2022. [4][3][7]
QRIO (Sony Dream Robot SDR series)SonyJapan2000Bipedal---Discontinued (2006)Small bipedal entertainment humanoid, renamed QRIO in 2003; never sold. Sony ended development in January 2006. [8][9]
HRP-2 PrometAIST and Kawada IndustriesJapan2002Bipedal1545830Research platformBuilt under METI's Humanoid Robotics Project; prototype shown March 2002. AIST and CNRS adopted it as their joint lab's common platform. [10][11][12]
HUBOKAIST Humanoid Robot Research Center (Jun-Ho Oh)South Korea2004Bipedal---Research platformRainbow Robotics calls it Korea's first bipedal robot; KAIST says HUBO II followed in 2012 and 12 HUBOs were exported. [13][14]
EMIEWHitachiJapan2005Wheeled13070-PrototypeOffice-assistant humanoid on a self-balancing two-wheel base (up to 6 km/h), with 6-DOF arms; exhibited at Expo 2005 Aichi. Mass approximate. [15]
ARMAR-IIIaKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (H2T)Germany2006Wheeled--43Superseded (by ARMAR-7)Household and kitchen research humanoid built in the SFB 588 program; KIT says it mimics human sensory and sensorimotor capabilities. [5]
HRP-3 Promet Mk-IIKawasaki Heavy Industries, Kawada Industries and AISTJapan2007Bipedal1606842PrototypeDesigned for adverse environments, with dust-proof, water-resistant joints and electrical system, per the joint June 2007 announcement. [16]
NAOAldebaran Robotics (NAO now continued by Maxtronics)France2007Bipedal58-25Commercially availableChosen in August 2007 as the RoboCup Standard Platform League robot; Aldebaran reported about 20,000 sold. Specs are NAO6. [17][18][19]
TWENDY-ONEWaseda University (Sugano Laboratory)Japan2007Wheeled-11147Research platformCare-assistance humanoid with passive-impedance joints, 13-DOF hands and an omnidirectional mobile base; DOF figure excludes the base. [20][2][21]
iCubIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaItaly2008Bipedal--53Research platformChild-sized humanoid for cognitive-science research used at institutes worldwide; size varies by version (a 2016 paper cites circa 1.1 m, 33 kg). [22][23]
Rollin' JustinGerman Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Robotics and MechatronicsGermany2008Wheeled19120051Research platformWheeled two-arm humanoid for service and space-assistance research; teleoperated from the ISS in DLR experiments. Mass is approximate. [24]
HRP-4CAIST (built by Kawada Industries)Japan2009Bipedal15843-Prototype'Cybernetic human' with a female human-like appearance and 8 facial DOF; Kawada manufactured it. AIST scheduled its debut at Japan Fashion Week, March 2009. [25][11]
LOLATechnical University of Munich (Chair of Applied Mechanics)Germany2009Bipedal17668-Research platformFast-walking research biped succeeding JOHNNIE; TUM lists 26 joints, 68 kg and 176 cm for the current version. [26][27]
PETMANBoston DynamicsUnited States2009Bipedal17580-PrototypeUS Army chemical-suit test robot; legs shown 2009, full body in gas mask by 2013. About 80 kg, 1.75 m per Army Technology. [28][29][30]
DARwIn-OPVirginia Tech RoMeLa with Robotis, UPenn and PurdueUnited States / South Korea2010Bipedal45.52.820Research platformSmall open-source humanoid (hardware and software) shown at IEEE Humanoids 2010; Robotis set a $12,000 list price. [31]
HRP-4Kawada Industries and AISTJapan2010Bipedal1513934Research platformLighter, cheaper R&D platform succeeding HRP-2, with 7-DOF arms; Kawada said it would take orders from universities and research institutes. [11][32]
Robonaut 2 (R2)NASA Johnson Space Center and General MotorsUnited States2010Other--42Research platformFirst humanoid robot in space (launched February 2011 to the ISS) as a torso on a stanchion; climbing legs added in 2014. [33][34]
ASIMO (2011 version)HondaJapan2011Bipedal1304857Retired (2022)Latest generation on Honda's ASIMO history page; Honda cites autonomous behavior control, running at 9 km/h and hopping on one leg. [35][3][7]
KenshiroUniversity of Tokyo (JSK Lab)Japan2012Bipedal1585064Research platformMusculoskeletal humanoid revealed at Humanoids 2012 (first video headless and armless); 160 muscle actuators; 64 DOF excludes hands. [36]
RomeoAldebaran Robotics (with French research partners)France2012Bipedal1404037PrototypeAdult-size assistive-care research humanoid; project started 2009 with 13 partners. 37 limb DOF plus 4 eye DOF per Aldebaran. [37][38]
ARMAR-4Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (H2T)Germany2013Bipedal1707063Research platformFull-body torque-controlled biped with 63 actuators and 214 sensors, per KIT; described at Humanoids 2013. [5][39]
Atlas (hydraulic)Boston DynamicsUnited States2013Bipedal188150-Retired (2024)Built for the DARPA Robotics Challenge with 28 hydraulically actuated joints; DARPA lists 6 ft 2 in and 330 lb (converted). Retired April 2024. [40][41]
DRC-HUBOKAIST HUBO Lab and Rainbow Co.South Korea2013Bipedal1435434Research platformWon the June 2015 DARPA Robotics Challenge Finals ($2M). Specs are KAIST's 2013 figures (4.7 ft, 120 lb), converted. [14][42][43]
REEM-CPAL RoboticsSpain2013Bipedal1658068Legacy platformFull-size biped research platform, fully ROS based; PAL now lists it in its 'Hall of Fame' of past robots. [44]
SCHAFT DRC robotSCHAFT Inc. (later owned by Google/Alphabet)Japan2013Bipedal---Discontinued (2018)Biped based on HRP-2 hardware and software; won the December 2013 DRC Trials with 27 of 32 points. Alphabet closed SCHAFT in 2018. [45][46][47]
TOROGerman Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Robotics and MechatronicsGermany2013Bipedal1747639Research platformTorque-controlled humanoid built on DLR lightweight-robot technology for balance, walking and multi-contact research. [48]
Valkyrie (R5)NASA Johnson Space CenterUnited States2013Bipedal18813644Research platformAll-electric humanoid built for the 2013 DARPA Robotics Challenge Trials; NASA lists 6 ft 2 in and 300 lb (converted). [49]
PepperAldebaran Robotics and SoftBankFrance / Japan2014Wheeled1212920DiscontinuedWheeled 'emotion-reading' humanoid unveiled June 2014, sold from June 2015. The Robot Report says production stopped in 2020 or 2021. [50][51][19]
Surena IIIUniversity of Tehran (CAST)Iran2015Bipedal1909831Superseded (Surena IV)Third Surena generation; IEEE says it climbed steps and kicked a ball. The first Surena (2008) had 8 DOF and wheeled feet. [52]
WALK-MANIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (EU WALK-MAN project)Italy2015Bipedal185120-Research platformElectric disaster-response humanoid built in 10 months for the 2015 DRC Finals; 120 kg figure includes backpack, per IIT. [53]
KengoroUniversity of Tokyo (JSK Lab)Japan2016Bipedal17056-Research platformHuman-mimetic musculoskeletal humanoid succeeding Kenshiro; IEEE Spectrum reports 108 motors and sweat-like evaporative motor cooling shown at IROS 2016. [54][55]
T-HR3Toyota (Partner Robot Division)Japan2017Bipedal1547532Research platformThird-generation Toyota humanoid teleoperated through a Master Maneuvering System that mirrors the operator's movements. [56][57]
ARMAR-6Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (H2T)Germany2018Wheeled---Research platformCollaborative industrial-maintenance humanoid from the EU SecondHands project, with 8-DOF torque-controlled arms on a mobile base. [6][5]
HRP-5PAISTJapan2018Bipedal18210137Research platformHeavy-labor prototype; AIST demonstrated it autonomously installing gypsum board at a simulated construction site. [58]
Surena IVUniversity of Tehran (CAST)Iran2019Bipedal1706843Research platformBuilt by a team of more than 50 led by Aghil Yousefi-Koma; adds new hands, force-sensing feet and ROS-based control. [52][59]
iCub3Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaItaly2022Bipedal1255254Research platformLarger iCub upgrade built as a telepresence avatar; demonstrated at the 17th Venice architecture exhibition and entered in the ANA Avatar XPRIZE finals. [22]
NadiaFlorida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC)United States2022Bipedal---Research platformHybrid hydraulic-electric humanoid designed for high joint range of motion and VR teleoperation; about 90 kg without pump or battery, per IHMC. [60]

Expanded article table

Commercial humanoids outside mainland China and Hong Kong

RobotDeveloperCountryYearLocomotionHeight (cm)Mass (kg)DoFStatus (Oct. 2026)Notes
1X EVE (Halodi EVE)1X Technologies (formerly Halodi Robotics)Norway / United States2017Wheeled--23Commercial pilots (ADT order, 2022)Self-balancing wheeled humanoid first previewed in 2017; ADT ordered 140 units in 2022. Halodi cites 23 DoF (Contrary lists 25) and 8 kg per arm. [61][62]
Kawasaki Kaleido (2017 debut and 2019 upgrade)Kawasaki Heavy Industries (with the University of Tokyo)Japan2017Bipedal18085-Superseded (ninth generation shown 2025)Debuted at iREX 2017 and upgraded for iREX 2019; Kawasaki's 2020 description gives about 180 cm and 85 kg, with a fall-tolerant structure. [63]
PAL Robotics TALOSPAL RoboticsSpain2017Bipedal1759532Commercially available (research platform)Research biped IEEE Spectrum called an improvement on PAL's REEM humanoids; 6 kg per extended arm. IEEE Spectrum reported 100 kg; PAL lists 95 kg. [64][65]
Tokyo Robotics ToroboTokyo RoboticsJapan2017Wheeled---Commercially offered (orders opened late 2017)Torque-sensing humanoid; orders opened late 2017. The 2024 version is 166 cm with 7-axis arms on an omnidirectional base. [66][67]
Agility Digit (v3, 2019)Agility RoboticsUnited States2019Bipedal---Superseded by Digit v4 (2023)Agility's first commercial Digit, aimed at package delivery and box stacking (up to 40 lb); Ford bought the first two units. [68]
PAL Robotics ARIPAL RoboticsSpain2019Wheeled165--Commercially availableWheeled social humanoid with expressive eyes, gesturing arms and a chest touchscreen, used for human-robot interaction research and customer service. [69][70]
Engineered Arts AmecaEngineered ArtsUnited Kingdom2021Other1876261Commercially available (sale and rental)Social humanoid with expressive face; announced December 2021, shown at CES 2022. Specs are from Engineered Arts' current product page. [71][72]
Oversonic RoBeeOversonic RoboticsItaly2021Wheeled---Commercial deployments (STMicroelectronics agreement, 2025)Cognitive humanoid for industry and healthcare; the 2021 version was 170 cm and 70 kg with 40 joints. Current RoBee R: two arms, mobile base. [73][74][75]
Beyond Imagination Beomni (V3)Beyond ImaginationUnited States2022Wheeled---Superseded by Beyond Mark 1 to 3 (2023 to 2025)Teleoperated humanoid from a Burbank startup co-founded by Ray Kurzweil; V3 revealed at CES 2022; company lists pilots from 2021 to 2024. [76][77]
Enchanted Tools Mirokai (Miroki prototype)Enchanted ToolsFrance2022Other1232828Prototypes in use; second generation approved for professional deployment (2026)Character-style robot balancing on a single ball; Miroki prototype unveiled November 2022. Specs are for that prototype. [78][79][80]
Tesla Optimus (2022 prototypes: Bumble C and Gen 1)TeslaUnited States2022Bipedal---Prototype (superseded)Shown at AI Day 2022: Bumble C walked on stage; the Tesla-actuator Gen 1 could not yet walk. Tesla cited a 2.3 kWh battery pack. [81]
Agility Digit (v4)Agility RoboticsUnited States2023Bipedal17564-Commercial deploymentsUnveiled at ProMat 2023 (about 5 ft 9 in, 140 lb) with a new LED-eye head; deployed with GXO, Schaeffler, Toyota Canada and Amazon. [82][68]
Apptronik ApolloApptronikUnited States2023Bipedal17373-Prototype (succeeded by Apollo 2, 2026)Unveiled August 2023 for warehouses and manufacturing; Apptronik cites 5 ft 8 in, 160 lb (converted), 55 lb lift and four-hour swappable batteries. [83][84]
Figure 01Figure AIUnited States2023Bipedal16860-Prototype (superseded by Figure 02)Announced in March 2023 when Figure left stealth, initially with renderings; Figure stated 20 kg payload, 5-hour runtime and 1.2 m/s walking speed. [85][86]
Sanctuary AI Phoenix (Gen 6, with Gen 7 update)Sanctuary AICanada2023Bipedal17070-Superseded (Gen 8 with wheeled base, December 2024)Sanctuary's sixth-generation robot, run by its Carbon AI control system; 5 ft 7 in, 155 lb, 55 lb payload and 20-DoF hands, per Sanctuary. [87][88][89]
Tesla Optimus Gen 2TeslaUnited States2023Bipedal---PrototypeTesla claimed 30% faster walking, about 10 kg less mass, a 2-DoF neck and 11-DoF hands versus the 2022 prototype. [90]
1X NEO Beta1X TechnologiesNorway / United States2024Bipedal16530-Prototype (superseded by NEO Gamma)Bipedal home-robot prototype officially introduced in 2024 ahead of limited in-home beta testing; 1X cited a 20 kg carrying capacity. [91][92]
Boston Dynamics Atlas (electric, 2024)Boston DynamicsUnited States2024Bipedal---Development prototype (succeeded by product Atlas, 2026)All-electric successor announced the same week Boston Dynamics retired hydraulic Atlas; testing to begin with owner Hyundai. [93]
Figure 02Figure AIUnited States2024Bipedal16870-Retired (2026)Tested and then deployed at BMW Plant Spartanburg; Figure says it helped produce 30,000 cars. Figure decommissioned the F.02 fleet in September 2026. [94][95][96]
MenteeBot (first prototype)Mentee RoboticsIsrael2024Bipedal---Prototype (superseded by MenteeBot V3.0)Shown when Amnon Shashua's Mentee Robotics left stealth on 17 April 2024; targeted household and warehouse work with 25 kg loads; vision-only sensing. [97]
Pollen Robotics Reachy 2Pollen Robotics (Hugging Face since 2025)France2024Wheeled136-166--Commercially availableOpen-source bimanual humanoid with 7-DoF arms (about 3 kg each) on an optional three-omniwheel base; launched October 2024. [98][99][100]
Rainbow Robotics RB-Y1Rainbow RoboticsSouth Korea2024Wheeled---Commercially availableTwo arms on a wheeled base, launched March 2024; adopted by MIT, UC Berkeley and others. Samsung raised its Rainbow stake to 35% in 2025. [101][102]
1X NEO (consumer version)1X TechnologiesNorway / United States2025Bipedal16830-Pre-orders; first customer shipments planned for 2026Pre-orders opened October 2025 at $20,000 or $499/month; 22-DoF hands, 1X says. 1X opened its Hayward, California factory by May 2026. [103][104]
1X NEO Gamma1X TechnologiesNorway / United States2025Bipedal---Prototype (internal home testing)Redesign with knit suit and 'Emotive Ear Rings'; 1X said it opened the door to internal home testing. [105]
AeiROBOT ALICE 4AeiROBOTSouth Korea2025Bipedal---PrototypeFourth-generation ALICE shown 3 September 2025 at Industrial AI EXPO in Seoul; demonstrated at CES 2026 alongside the wheeled ALICE M1. [106][107]
Agile Robots Agile ONEAgile RobotsGermany2025Bipedal17469-Announced (production in Bavaria was planned to start early 2026)Munich firm's first humanoid, launched 19 November 2025 for industrial work; Agile Robots states 20 kg payload and 2 m/s walking speed. [108][109][110]
Dexmate VegaDexmateUnited States2025Wheeled-13524Commercially availableWheeled humanoid with two 7-DoF arms, a 3-DoF torso reaching 2.2 m and a 3-DoF head; mass and DoF are for Vega 1 Pro. [111][112]
Figure 03Figure AIUnited States2025Bipedal---In productionBuilt for home and commercial use with Helix; Figure says BotQ delivered over 350 units by April 2026 and built the 1,000th in July 2026. [113][114][115]
Foundation Phantom MK-1Foundation (Foundation Future Industries)United States2025Bipedal17579-82-Pilot demonstrationsCamera-based humanoid with cycloid actuators aimed at industrial and military roles; Foundation sent two units to Ukraine for pilot demonstrations in 2026. [116][117][118]
Hexagon AEONHexagon (Robotics division)Sweden2025Wheeled-legged---Pilot programs announced (Schaeffler, Pilatus)Industrial humanoid launched 17 June 2025 at Hexagon LIVE; balances on wheels instead of feet; uses Hexagon sensors and NVIDIA computing. [119][120]
Holiday Robotics FRIDAYHoliday RoboticsSouth Korea2025Wheeled17611564Pre-production (research version shipping H1 2027)Wheeled industrial humanoid unveiled in late 2025; the company says 40 of its 64 DoF are in the hands. Raised $105M in July 2026. [121][122][123]
HopeJRHugging Face with The Robot StudioUnited States2025Bipedal--66Announced (waitlist opened May 2025)Open-source full-size humanoid co-designed with The Robot Studio, announced 29 May 2025; Hugging Face estimated about $3,000 per unit. [124][125]
Humanoid HMND 01 Alpha (wheeled)HumanoidUnited Kingdom2025Wheeled220--Prototype (industrial testing)London company's wheeled industrial prototype unveiled September 2025; findings were to shape a Beta wheeled robot scheduled for Q3 2026. [126]
Humanoid HMND 01 Alpha BipedalHumanoidUnited Kingdom2025Bipedal179-29PrototypeAnnounced December 2025; Humanoid says it went from design to prototype in five months. DoF excludes end effectors; 15 kg bimanual payload. [127]
K-Scale Labs K-BotK-Scale LabsUnited States2025Bipedal14035-Discontinued (K-Scale ceased operations, November 2025)Open-source humanoid offered for pre-order at $8,999 in July 2025 (4 ft 7 in, 77 lb); K-Scale shut down months later and open-sourced its designs. [128][129]
Kawasaki Kaleido 9Kawasaki Heavy IndustriesJapan2025Bipedal---PrototypeNinth-generation Kaleido shown at iREX 2025; Kawasaki has demonstrated LiDAR-based autonomous stair walking and teleoperated disaster-response work. [130][131]
Kinisi KR1Kinisi Robotics (being acquired by Bear Robotics, 2026)United Kingdom2025Wheeled---Publicly demonstrated (Automate 2026)Low-cost wheeled pick-and-place humanoid unveiled July 2025; lifts 22 lb, six to eight hours per battery. Bear Robotics agreed to acquire Kinisi in June 2026. [132][133]
MenteeBot V3.0Mentee Robotics (acquired by Mobileye, 2026)Israel2025Bipedal175--Prototype (customer proof-of-concept deployments expected 2026)Shashua cites 1.75 m height, 25 kg payload, 30 N per-finger pinch force and hot-swappable batteries. Mobileye completed its Mentee acquisition on 3 February 2026. [134][135][136]
NEURA Robotics 4NE1 (Gen 3)NEURA RoboticsGermany2025Bipedal---Superseded by Gen 4 (October 2026)Third generation launched June 2025; NEURA said first deliveries were planned for 2025 and cited 10 kg hand lifting force. [137]
Robros IGRIS-CRobrosSouth Korea2025Bipedal15456-Commercially sold (18 units by August 2026)In-house bipedal humanoid that competed at Humanoids 2025 in Seoul; Robros reports 36 built and 18 sold by end of August 2026. [138][139][140]
Sunday Robotics MemoSunday RoboticsUnited States2025Wheeled---Beta program (50 households from late 2026)Home chore robot introduced 19 November 2025 with a cartoon-like face, two arms and a height-adjustable torso on a wheeled base. [141][142]
Techman Robot TM Xplore ITechman Robot (Quanta Computer subsidiary)Taiwan2025Wheeled---Prototype (in-house testing before customer launch)Humanoid upper body on a wheeled base, shown at a Taipei automation show in August 2025 and at NVIDIA GTC 2026 in March 2026. [143][144]
VinMotion Motion 1VinMotion (Vingroup)Vietnam2025Bipedal---Prototype (superseded by Motion 2)Vietnam's first-generation bipedal humanoid, introduced June 2025; performed a live dance at Vingroup's 32nd-anniversary event on 8 August 2025. [145][146]
VinMotion Motion 2VinMotion (Vingroup)Vietnam2025Bipedal---PrototypeSecond-generation humanoid shown in a December 2025 video lifting 40 kg; VinMotion targets industrial use. [146]
Westwood Robotics THEMIS V2Westwood RoboticsUnited States2025Bipedal160-40Research platformLife-size (5 ft 3 in) humanoid using Westwood's BEAR actuators; V2 added 6-DoF arms and 7-DoF end effectors. [147]
Addverb Elixis-WAddverb TechnologiesIndia2026Wheeled---AnnouncedReliance-backed Addverb's first Made-in-India wheeled humanoid, unveiled at LogiMAT India 2026 in Mumbai for warehouse and shop-floor work. [148][149]
Agility Digit 5Agility RoboticsUnited States2026Bipedal180129-Prototype (early access planned H1 2027)Unveiled 15 September 2026 (5 ft 11 in, 284 lb) with human-like legs replacing the bird-like design; Agility says it repeatedly lifts 50 lb. [150][68]
Apptronik Apollo 2ApptronikUnited States2026Bipedal---Data-collection fleet (Apollo 3 planned as commercial model)Unveiled 30 June 2026 in bipedal and wheeled-base versions; fleets at Apptronik's Austin Robot Park gather training data used with Google DeepMind. [151][152][153]
Boston Dynamics Atlas (product version, 2026)Boston DynamicsUnited States2026Bipedal1909056Field testing (Hyundai)Debuted at CES 2026; 50 kg lift. Hyundai plans deployment at Metaplant America by 2028; Boston Dynamics says field testing with Hyundai has begun. [154][155]
Generative Bionics GENE.01Generative BionicsItaly2026Bipedal---Prototype (first industrial configuration with Fincantieri)IIT spin-off's humanoid with full-body tactile skin; announced at design stage at CES 2026 and unveiled as a functional platform in July 2026. [156][157]
LG CLOiDLG ElectronicsSouth Korea2026Wheeled---Demonstrated (CES 2026)Home robot with expressive head, two 7-DoF arms with five-finger hands and a wheeled base; demonstrated household chores at CES 2026. [158][159]
NEURA Robotics 4NE1 Gen 4NEURA RoboticsGermany2026Bipedal180--Prototype (being prepared for series production)Unveiled October 2026 at the TUM RoboGym opening; NEURA says it is 20% lighter than its predecessor, though its product page still lists 80 kg. [160][161]
Noble Machines MobyNoble Machines (formerly Under Control Robotics)United States2026Bipedal---Commercial deployment (Fortune Global 500 customer)Industrial humanoid revealed when the company left stealth in March 2026; built for stairs and scaffolding. Payload: 50 lb (company site) or 60 lb (press). [162][163]
Sharpa NorthSharpaSingapore2026Wheeled---Publicly demonstrated (CES 2026)Wheeled full-body robot debuted at CES 2026 with Sharpa's 22-DoF Wave hands, running autonomous ping-pong and windmill-assembly demos. [164][165]

Expanded article table

Commercial humanoids from mainland China and Hong Kong

RobotDeveloperCountryYearLocomotionHeight (cm)Mass (kg)DoFStatus (Oct. 2026)Notes
SophiaHanson RoboticsHong Kong2016Other---Research platformSocial humanoid debuted at SXSW in March 2016. At CES 2018 Hanson announced pairing Sophia with a walking DRC-HUBO body from Rainbow Robotics. [166][167]
UBTECH Walker (2019 version)UBTECH RoboticsChina2019Bipedal14577-Superseded by Walker X (2021)Upgraded version of the Walker prototype first demonstrated at CES 2018; shown at CES 2019 with 36 actuators, per IEEE Spectrum. [168]
UBTECH Walker XUBTECH RoboticsChina2021Bipedal1306341Commercially availableService-oriented Walker generation unveiled in 2021; served as a guide at the China Pavilion of Expo 2020 Dubai. [169][170]
Xiaomi CyberOneXiaomiChina2022Bipedal1775221PrototypeIntroduced on stage with Lei Jun at a Xiaomi launch event in Beijing on 11 August 2022; built by Xiaomi Robotics Lab. [171][172]
AgiBot RAISE A1 (Expedition A1)AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics)China2023Bipedal1755349Superseded by Expedition A2 (2024)AgiBot's first humanoid, walked onstage at its 2023 launch event; KrASIA reports a 350 N.m PowerFlow joint motor. [173][174]
Fourier GR-1Fourier (Fourier Intelligence)China2023Bipedal1655540Superseded by GR-2 (2024)Rehabilitation-robot maker's first humanoid, unveiled at WAIC 2023 in Shanghai; a production version was launched in late 2023. [175][176]
Kepler Forerunner K1Kepler (Shanghai Kepler Robotics)China2023Bipedal17885up to 40Superseded by Forerunner K2 (2024)Released November 2023 and shown at CES 2024, where Kepler quoted about US$30,000 for international customers and a 12-DOF hand. [177][178]
Leju KuavoLeju RoboticsChina2023Bipedal-45-Pilot deploymentsLaunched December 2023; Leju billed it as the first jumping OpenHarmony humanoid. Tested at Nio in 2024; torchbearer at the 2025 National Games. [179][180][181]
LimX CL-1LimX DynamicsChina2023Bipedal---Research platformTestbed humanoid first shown 28 December 2023 climbing stairs with real-time terrain perception, per LimX. [182][183]
UBTECH Walker SUBTECH RoboticsChina2023Bipedal---Pilot deploymentsFirst industrial Walker, launched in 2023; trained on a Nio assembly line in Hefei in February 2024, according to UBTECH. [184]
Unitree H1Unitree RoboticsChina2023Bipedal18047-Commercially availableUnitree's first full-size humanoid, teased in August 2023. Unitree lists a 3.3 m/s moving speed; the later H1-2 variant weighs about 70 kg. [185][186]
XPeng PX5XPengChina2023Bipedal---Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)XPeng's first in-house bipedal humanoid, introduced at XPeng Tech Day in October 2023 with images of factory and showroom use. [187]
AgiBot A2 (Expedition A2)AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics)China2024Bipedal1696940+Commercially availableFull-size interactive service humanoid unveiled 18 August 2024 in a five-robot launch; AgiBot markets it for reception and guided tours. [188][174]
AgiBot A2-Max (Expedition A2-Max)AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics)China2024Bipedal17585-PrototypeHeavy-duty variant for material handling and palletizing; AgiBot says it can handle objects up to 40 kg. Its product page still reads 'Coming soon'. [189][174]
AgiBot A2-W (Expedition A2-W)AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics)China2024Wheeled---Pilot deploymentsWheeled variant with two 7-DOF force-controlled arms. Yicai reported four units sorting boxes at a Fulin Precision plant in July 2025. [174][190]
AgiBot X1 (Lingxi X1)AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics)China2024Bipedal1303334Research platformCompact humanoid unveiled August 2024; AgiBot pledged to open-source most of its design materials and motion-control code. [191][174]
Astribot S1Astribot (Stardust Intelligence)China2024Wheeled17080-Research platformWheeled humanoid shown in an April 2024 video; Astribot cites 10 m/s peak end-effector speed and targets researchers and developers. [192][193]
Booster T1Booster RoboticsChina2024Bipedal---Superseded (Booster now lists T2 and K1)Production-ready T1 unveiled at WRC in August 2024, shipping from October. Tsinghua won the RoboCup 2025 AdultSize humanoid league using T1 robots. [194][195][196]
DEEP Robotics DR01DEEP RoboticsChina2024Bipedal---Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Quadruped maker's first humanoid, introduced at WRC 2024 in Beijing with its J60 and J100 joints. [197]
EngineAI PM01EngineAI (Shenzhen EngineAI Robotics)China2024Bipedal1404424Commercially availableLightweight open platform with 320-degree waist rotation, unveiled December 2024. Figures are EngineAI's 2026 edition; launch coverage gave 138 cm, 40 kg. [198][199]
EngineAI SE01EngineAI (Shenzhen EngineAI Robotics)China2024Bipedal---Commercially availableFull-size humanoid announced October 2024; EngineAI says its gait is trained end-to-end by a neural network. Global sales began 24 December 2024. [200][199]
Fourier GR-2Fourier (Fourier Intelligence)China2024Bipedal1756353Superseded by GR-3 seriesSecond GRx humanoid, launched 30 September 2024 with 12-DOF dexterous hands carrying six array-type tactile sensors. [201][202]
Galbot G1Galbot (Beijing Galaxy General Robot)China2024Wheeled17392.521Commercially availableWheeled humanoid announced May 2024 with a liftable torso; DOF figure excludes chassis and end effectors. Galbot markets it for retail, pharmacies and factories. [203][204]
Kepler K2 Bumblebee (Forerunner K2)Kepler (Shanghai Kepler Robotics)China2024Bipedal--52In productionLaunched at GITEX Global in October 2024; hybrid design combining roller-screw linear and rotary actuators. Kepler announced mass production in September 2025. [178][205]
MagicLab MagicBotMagicLab (Magic Atom Robotics)China2024Bipedal--42Pilot deploymentsFlagship humanoid trained on factory lines and in appliance stores in 2024; MagicLab says each arm carries 20 kg. [206][207]
Navigator 1 (Linghangzhe 1)Zhejiang Humanoid Robot Innovation CenterChina2024Bipedal15050-Superseded by Navigator 2 (2024)The center's first product, released March 2024 and based on Zhejiang University's Wukong 4.0 humanoid. [208]
Navigator 2 (NAVIAI)Zhejiang Humanoid Robot Innovation CenterChina2024Bipedal16560-Research platformSecond-generation Navigator, released August 2024 and shown at WRC 2024 in Beijing; Ningbo-based center co-founded by Zhejiang University professor Xiong Rong. [208][209]
Pudu D7Pudu RoboticsChina2024Wheeled17514023Commercially availablePudu's first humanoid, a semi-humanoid on an omnidirectional chassis, unveiled September 2024. Specs from Pudu's current page; launch coverage gave 165 cm, 45 kg. [210][211]
Pudu D9Pudu RoboticsChina2024Bipedal1706542Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Pudu's first full-size bipedal humanoid, launched 19 December 2024 by Pudu X-Lab with a 352 N.m maximum joint torque. [212]
Qinglong (OpenLoong)National and Local Co-built Humanoid Robot Innovation Center (Humanoid Robots (Shanghai))China2024Bipedal1858043Research platformOpen-source general-purpose humanoid unveiled at WAIC 2024 in Shanghai; DOF figure is active joints, per the developer. [213]
Robotera STAR1Robotera (Beijing Xingdongjiyuan)China2024Bipedal17165-Superseded by L7 (2025)Flagship running humanoid filmed racing in the Gobi Desert in 2024 at up to 3.6 m/s, using 400 N.m joint motors. [214]
Tiangong (Tien Kung)Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center (X-Humanoid)China2024Bipedal16343-Research platformUnveiled 27 April 2024 in Beijing as a full-size humanoid that runs on electric drive; an open-source initiative for it launched in November 2024. [215][216]
UBTECH Walker S1UBTECH RoboticsChina2024Bipedal--41Commercially availableIndustrial humanoid launched in October 2024; heise reported about 500 orders from automakers in 2024 and a training project at Foxconn. [217]
Unitree G1Unitree RoboticsChina2024Bipedal1323523Commercially availableIntroduced May 2024 and shown at ICRA 2024. Unitree lists a starting price of US$13.5K; the EDU version has 23 to 43 joints. [218][219]
XPeng Iron (2024)XPengChina2024Bipedal17870-Superseded by next-gen Iron (2025)First-generation Iron, unveiled at XPeng's AI Day in November 2024. [220]
AgiBot G2AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics)China2025Wheeled---Pilot deploymentsIndustrial wheeled humanoid launched 16 October 2025 with a 3-DOF waist and torque-sensing arms; AgiBot says it is rolling out in auto-parts manufacturing. [221][222]
AgiBot X2 (Lingxi X2)AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics)China2025Bipedal1313525Commercially availableHalf-size humanoid shown riding a bicycle in a March 2025 video; launch coverage cited 28 DOF, 33.8 kg. X2 Ultra: 30 DOF, about 39 kg. [223][224]
CASBOT 01 ('Wednesday')Lingbao CASBOT (Beijing Zhongke Huiling)China2025Bipedal1796052Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Full-size bipedal humanoid officially unveiled at CES 2025; the developer cites 550 TOPS of onboard compute. [225]
DEEP Robotics DR02DEEP RoboticsChina2025Bipedal175--Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Industrial humanoid unveiled October 2025; DEEP Robotics calls it the first with full-body IP66 protection, rated for -20 to 55 C. [226]
DOBOT AtomDOBOT (Shenzhen Dobot)China2025Bipedal1506241In productionCobot maker's first humanoid, pre-sold March 2025 at RMB 199,000; launch specs per Yicai (later reports cite 28 DOF). Third delivery batch began February 2026. [227][228]
EIR SkyWalker 2 (Tianxingzhe 2)EIR Technology (Sichuan Embodied Humanoid Robot Technology)China2025Bipedal16555-Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Chengdu startup's full-size general-purpose humanoid platform, launched 24 September 2025, with a flexible face screen and 2-hour runtime. [229]
EngineAI T800EngineAI (Shenzhen EngineAI Robotics)China2025Bipedal17375-8529In productionFull-size humanoid with 29 body DOF excluding hands; JD.com pre-orders opened December 2025 at RMB 180,000. Mass delivery began from Shenzhen in 2026. [230][231][232]
Fourier GR-3Fourier (Fourier Intelligence)China2025Bipedal1657155Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)'Care-bot' companion humanoid launched in August 2025 with auditory, visual and tactile interaction modules; first shown in the US at CES 2026. [233][234]
LimX OliLimX DynamicsChina2025Bipedal165-31Commercially availableFull-size general-purpose humanoid unveiled 2025 in Lite, EDU and Super versions from RMB 158,000; LimX lists up to 31 DOF. [235][236]
MagicLab MagicBot Z1MagicLab (Magic Atom Robotics)China2025Bipedal140--Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)High-dynamics compact humanoid introduced July 2025 with 50 joints, per Gasgoo; shown at CES 2026. [237]
Noetix BumiNoetix RoboticsChina2025Bipedal9412-Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Child-sized humanoid for education and home use, unveiled October 2025 at RMB 9,998, billed as the first consumer humanoid under RMB 10,000. [238]
Noetix N2Noetix RoboticsChina2025Bipedal12030-Commercially availableLow-cost backflipping humanoid unveiled March 2025; two teams ran N2 robots in the April 2025 Beijing humanoid half-marathon. [239][240]
PHYBOT M1PHYBOT (Beijing Phybot Technology)China2025Bipedal172-32Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Full-size electric humanoid launched in a November 2025 backflip video; reported to weigh under 60 kg with 530 N.m peak joint torque in lab tests. [241]
Robbyant R1Robbyant (Ant Lingbo Technology, Ant Group)China2025Wheeled160-17511034Pilot deploymentsAnt Group's first humanoid, a wheeled home-service robot shown cooking shrimp at IFA Berlin in September 2025; staff said early units reached clients. [242][243]
Robotera L7Robotera (Beijing Xingdongjiyuan)China2025Bipedal1716555Commercially availableFull-size humanoid launched July 2025; Robotera lists 4 m/s running speed and 55 DOF including its 12-DOF XHAND 1 hands. Mass excludes hands. [244][245]
Robotera Q5Robotera (Beijing Xingdongjiyuan)China2025Wheeled1657044Commercially availableWheeled service humanoid unveiled June 2025 for guidance, education and healthcare, with 11-DOF XHAND 1 Lite hands. [246][247]
SIASUN SongxingSIASUN Robot & AutomationChina2025Bipedal---Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Bipedal humanoid from the Shenyang industrial-robot maker, presented at WRC 2025 for manufacturing, social services and home companionship. [248]
SIASUN SongyiSIASUN Robot & AutomationChina2025Wheeled---Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Wheeled dual-arm humanoid on SIASUN's mobile platform, presented at WRC 2025 for warehousing, retail and home service. [248]
Tien Kung UltraBeijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center (X-Humanoid)China2025Bipedal---Research platformWon the first humanoid robot half-marathon in Beijing on 19 April 2025 in about 2 hours 40 minutes, with battery swaps along the course. [240][249]
Topstar Xiao TuoTopstar (Guangdong Topstar Technology)China2025Wheeled120-180-21Pilot deploymentsIndustrial automation firm's first humanoid, released September 2025; 36Kr reports it inspecting injection-molded parts and loading trays. DOF excludes hands; height adjusts via waist lift. [250][251]
UBTECH Cruzr S2UBTECH RoboticsChina2025Wheeled---Commercially availableWheeled humanoid shown at WRC 2025 with visual-laser fusion navigation; UBTECH says it handles 15 kg payloads across a 0-1.8 m workspace. [252][253]
UBTECH Tiangong Walker (Walker Tienkung)UBTECH Robotics with Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation CenterChina2025Bipedal170-20Commercially availableResearch and education humanoid launched March 2025 at RMB 299,000; TechNode reports 10 km/h running speed per the companies. [254][255]
UBTECH Walker CUBTECH RoboticsChina2025Bipedal1634320Commercially availableCommercial reception and guide humanoid; UBTECH says it debuted in 2025 and served as a tour guide at the China Pavilion, Expo 2025 Osaka. [256]
UBTECH Walker S2UBTECH RoboticsChina2025Bipedal176-52In productionIndustrial humanoid that UBTECH says swaps its own battery in three minutes; mass production and delivery began in November 2025. [257][252][258]
Unitree H2Unitree RoboticsChina2025Bipedal1827031Commercially availableSuccessor to the H1, introduced in a video on 20 October 2025. Unitree lists the H2 at US$29,900. [259][260]
Unitree R1Unitree RoboticsChina2025Bipedal1232926Commercially availableLow-cost humanoid announced July 2025. Unitree lists the R1 at US$5,900 and a 20-joint R1 AIR version at US$4,900. [261][262]
X Square Robot Quanta X2X Square RobotChina2025Wheeled---Unveiled (current status unconfirmed)Self-developed wheeled humanoid launched at WRC 2025 for service, household and industrial use; the company builds its own VLA model. [263]
XPeng Iron (next generation, 2025)XPengChina2025Bipedal--82Pre-production (deliveries planned 1H 2027)Unveiled 5 November 2025 with a bionic spine, soft skin, 82 DOF (22 per hand) and an all-solid-state battery, per XPeng. Production line commissioned 2026. [264][265][266]
AgiBot A3 (Expedition A3)AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics)China2026Bipedal17355-Commercially availableFull-size performance humanoid revealed 13 February 2026 in a flying-kick video; first commercial units were delivered in April 2026. [267][268][269]
Embodied Tien Kung 3.0Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center (X-Humanoid)China2026Bipedal---Research platformGeneral-purpose full-size platform launched 16 February 2026 with expansion interfaces for end-effectors and tools, per X-Humanoid. [270]

Expanded article table

A tall white and gray humanoid robot with a large box-shaped black head unit and a backpack, standing on a museum platform.
Honda's P2, the self-contained biped prototype that preceded P3 and ASIMO, at the Honda Collection Hall. Morio, via Wikimedia Commons, GFDL.		A small silver humanoid robot with a round head and a glowing chest light standing on a gray carpeted table.
Sony's QRIO small humanoid entertainment robot, presented at RoboCup 2004. Dschen Reinecke, via Wikimedia Commons, GFDL.		A slim silver humanoid robot with a lifelike female face and black hair, arms spread, on a small stage beside a presenter.
AIST's HRP-4C, a humanoid with a female human appearance, during a demonstration at SIGGRAPH Asia 2009. yoggy0 from Yokohama, Japan, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0.
A small white and red humanoid robot sitting on a table in front of a monitor showing programming software.
Aldebaran Robotics' NAO small humanoid at the Innorobo trade show in Lyon in 2015. Xavier Caré, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.		A child-sized white and silver humanoid robot with a cartoonish face standing on a metal support frame in a laboratory.
An iCub open-source research humanoid, about 104 cm tall, mounted on a supporting frame. Jll at English Wikipedia, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.		A tall white humanoid robot with orange accents and a round chest emblem posing against a dark blue background.
NASA's R5 Valkyrie, built for the DARPA Robotics Challenge, photographed in its Johnson Space Center lab. Source: Wikimedia Commons, Public domain.
A white and blue humanoid robot holding a power tool against a white wall panel on a brick-walled competition course.
KAIST's DRC-HUBO cuts a hole in drywall at the 2015 DARPA Robotics Challenge Finals, which the team won. Office of Naval Research from Arlington, United States, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0.		Upper body of a silver humanoid robot with a smooth helmet-like head and blue light strips against a black backdrop.
SURENA III, the third-generation humanoid from the University of Tehran's Center of Advanced Systems and Technologies. CAST(Center of Advanced Systems & Technologies), via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.		Head and shoulders of a robot with a realistic female face and a transparent rear skull showing electronics.
Hanson Robotics' Sophia speaking at the AI for Good Global Summit in Geneva in 2017. ITU Pictures, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0.
Upper body of a gray humanoid robot with an expressive humanlike face, exposed neck mechanisms and a camera in its chest.
Engineered Arts' first-generation Ameca, pictured in the company's lab before its January 2022 launch. Willy Jackson, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.		A white and black humanoid robot standing on a display plinth inside a car showroom, with vehicles in the background.
A Tesla Optimus humanoid on display at a Tesla showroom in Ontario, Canada, in November 2025. Sikander, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.		A slender white humanoid robot with a humanlike body shape and glossy faceless head, one lower leg uncovered to show metal parts.
XPeng's Iron humanoid robot, shown at Auto Guangzhou 2025 with one leg's mechanism exposed. Tim Wu, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Expanded article table

See also

References

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  237. ^Gasgoo. "CES 2026: MagicLab unveils multiple robots." 2026-01-07. autonews.gasgoo.com/...-robots-2008877071130783744
  238. ^Interesting Engineering. "China unveils world's cheapest humanoid robot under $1,400." 2025-10-23. interestingengineering.com/...apest-humanoid-robot
  239. ^TMTPost. "Startup NOETIX Robotics Launches Affordable Humanoid Robot Capable of Backflips." 2025-03-17. en.tmtpost.com/...7497178
  240. ^1 ^2Global Times. "Beijing hosts world's first humanoid robot half-marathon; Home-developed Tien Kung Ultra crowned champion." 2025-04-19. globaltimes.cn/...1332429.shtml
  241. ^Interesting Engineering. "'World's most powerful humanoid robot' aces backflip like parkour pro." 2025-11-25. interestingengineering.com/...lip-superman-landing
  242. ^Interesting Engineering. "Jack Ma-backed firm unveils humanoid robot that can cook shrimp." 2025-09-12. interestingengineering.com/...-shrimp-at-tech-fair
  243. ^iF Design. "Robbyant R1 Robot." 2026. ifdesign.com/...765864
  244. ^Robotera. "ROBOTERA L7." 2026. robotera.com/en
  245. ^China Daily. "Chinese startup Robotera unveils new humanoid robot." 2025-07-29. subsites.chinadaily.com.cn/...c_1113056
  246. ^Robotera. "ROBOTERA Q5." 2026. robotera.com/en
  247. ^Interesting Engineering. "China's 'slim-waisted' humanoid robot debuts with human-like skills." 2025-06-30. interestingengineering.com/...umanoid-robot-debuts
  248. ^1 ^2Humanoid Robotics Technology. "SIASUN Announces New Technology at the Beijing World Robot Conference." 2025-08-11. humanoidroboticstechnology.com/...robot-conference
  249. ^PR Newswire. "X-Humanoid Showcases Fully Autonomous and More Useful Robotics Solutions at CES 2026." 2026-01-08. prnewswire.com/...-solutions-at-ces-2026-302656056
  250. ^Nweon via Tencent News. "Dongguan Topstar launches humanoid robot teleoperation system based on PICO headset." 2025-09-15. news.qq.com/...20250915A04H4P00
  251. ^36Kr. "Recommended domestic humanoid robot company Topstar: full-stack self-development and matrixed deployment for industrial scenarios." 2025-12-08. 36kr.com/...3586319657745538
  252. ^1 ^2TMTPost. "UBTECH Unveils Five Humanoid Robots at World Robot Conference, Secures Record Commercial Contract." 2025-08-11. en.tmtpost.com/...7654785
  253. ^UBTECH Robotics. "Cruzr S2." 2026. ubtrobot.com/...cruzr-s2
  254. ^TechNode. "UBTECH launches Tiangong Walker, a research-grade humanoid robot priced under $45k." 2025-03-13. technode.com/...de-humanoid-robot-priced-under-45k
  255. ^UBTECH Robotics. "Walker Tienkung." 2026. ubtrobot.com/...walker-tienkung
  256. ^UBTECH Robotics. "Walker C." 2026. ubtrobot.com/...walker-c
  257. ^PR Newswire. "UBTECH Humanoid Robot Walker S2 Begins Mass Production and Delivery, with Orders Exceeding 800 Million Yuan." 2025-11-17. prnewswire.com/...eding-800-million-yuan-302616924
  258. ^CnEVPost. "UBTech shows how its humanoid robot can work 24/7 with autonomous battery swap." 2025-07-17. cnevpost.com/...noid-robot-autonomous-battery-swap
  259. ^Unitree Robotics. "Unitree H2." 2026. unitree.com/H2
  260. ^Interesting Engineering. "Unitree unveils H2 humanoid robot with lifelike dance and combat moves." 2025-10-20. interestingengineering.com/...oid-robot-unitree-h2
  261. ^Unitree Robotics. "Unitree R1." 2026. unitree.com/R1
  262. ^CNX Software. "$5,900 Unitree R1 is an ultra-lightweight, customizable humanoid robot." 2025-07-30. cnx-software.com/...ht-customizable-humanoid-robot
  263. ^China Daily. "X Square Robot expands development of general-purpose robots." 2025-08-13. global.chinadaily.com.cn/...9c690aa310b236346f17d8
  264. ^XPeng. "XPENG Shares Achievements in Physical AI Emergence: Unveils XPENG VLA 2.0, Robotaxi, Next-Gen IRON, and Flying Car." 2025-11-05. xpeng.com/...019a56f54fe99a2a0a8d8a0282e402b7
  265. ^TechNode. "XPeng unveils new IRON humanoid robot with full-solid-state battery and AI brain." 2025-11-05. technode.com/...l-solid-state-battery-and-ai-brain
  266. ^TechNode. "XPENG plans humanoid robot deliveries in 2027 and European rollout later that year." 2026-10-13. technode.com/...d-european-rollout-later-that-year
  267. ^AgiBot. "AGIBOT A3." 2026. agibot.com/...A3
  268. ^Yangtse Evening Post (yzwb.net). "New-generation full-size humanoid Expedition A3 debuts before Spring Festival." 2026-02-13. yzwb.net/...t20260213_322033
  269. ^IT Home. "AgiBot Expedition A3 completes first batch of deliveries." 2026-04-13. ithome.com/...666
  270. ^PR Newswire. "X-Humanoid Introduces Embodied Tien Kung 3.0, a More Open and Practical Humanoid Robotics Platform." 2026-02-16. prnewswire.com/...noid-robotics-platform-302688505

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Cite this page: AI Wiki. "List of humanoid robots." aiwiki.ai, updated 28 Oct 2026, fact-checked 28 Oct 2026. CC BY 4.0. https://aiwiki.ai/wiki/list_of_humanoid_robots

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